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KAPA 10-K & 10-Q changes, risk factors and insider trading

Kairos Pharma, LTD. · NYSE · Pharmaceutical Preparations · CIK 1962011 · All filings on SEC.gov

Everything below is quoted or computed from Kairos Pharma, LTD.'s public SEC filings. It is not a recommendation to buy or sell. Automated comparisons can contain errors; confirm with the original filing.

At a glance

9 / 5risk-factor paragraphs added / removed in latest 10-K
3new risk-factor headings
0Form 4 filings reporting open-market purchases (last 180 days)
0Form 4 filings reporting open-market sales (last 180 days)

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What changed in the latest 10-K

Comparing 10-K filed 2026-03-31 (period ending 2025-12-31) with 10-K filed 2025-04-15 (period ending 2024-12-31).

Risk Factors (10-K Item 1A)

9new paragraphs
5removed paragraphs
5reworded paragraphs
47,407 → 47,803words in section

New heading “Changes in funding for or disruption at the FDA, the SEC and other government agencies, including from government shut downs, or other disruptions to these agencies’ operations could hinder their ability to hire and retain key leadership and other personnel, delay the review and approval of regulatory submissions, limit the development or implementation of regulatory programs, prevent new products and services from being developed or commercialized in a timely manner or otherwise prevent those agencies from performing normal business functions on which the operation of our business may rely, which could negatively impact our business”

New heading “The U.S. Congress, the Trump administration, or any new administration may make substantial changes to fiscal, tax, and other federal policies that may adversely affect our business.”

New heading “The capital markets may experience periods of disruption, instability and economic uncertainty. Such market conditions may materially and adversely affect the debt and equity capital markets, which may have a negative impact on our business and operations.”

Removed heading “We are currently operating in a period of economic uncertainty and capital markets disruption, which has been significantly impacted by geopolitical instability due to the ongoing military conflicts between Russia and Ukraine, as well as Israel and Hamas.”

Largest changes (selected automatically by length and topic keywords; quoted verbatim, no commentary)

New text topics: tariff, sanction, china, taiwan
“From time to time, capital markets may experience periods of disruption, instability and economic uncertainty. Such periods may result in, among other things, write-offs, the re-pricing of credit risk, the failure of financial institutions or worsening general economic conditions, any of which could materially and adversely impact the broader financial and credit markets and reduce the availability of debt and equity capital for the market as a whole and, as a result, negatively affect our ability to access capital. …”
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Removed text topics: penalt, sanction, liquidity, russia
“U.S. and global markets are experiencing volatility and disruption following the escalation of geopolitical tensions and the start of the military conflict between Russia and Ukraine, as well as Israel in Hamas. In February 2022, Russia launched a full-scale military invasion of Ukraine. And armed conflict began between Israel in Hamas in October 2023. …”
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Removed text topics: russia, ukraine, israel
“We are currently operating in a period of economic uncertainty and capital markets disruption, which has been significantly impacted by geopolitical instability due to the ongoing military conflicts between Russia and Ukraine, as well as Israel and Hamas.”
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New text
“Changes in funding for or disruption at the FDA, the SEC and other government agencies, including from government shut downs, or other disruptions to these agencies’ operations could hinder their ability to hire and retain key leadership and other personnel, delay the review and approval of regulatory submissions, limit the development or implementation of regulatory programs, prevent new products and services from being developed or commercialized in a timely manner or otherwise prevent those agencies from performing normal business functions on which the operation of our business may rely …”
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New text
“The capital markets may experience periods of disruption, instability and economic uncertainty. Such market conditions may materially and adversely affect the debt and equity capital markets, which may have a negative impact on our business and operations.”
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New text
“The U.S. Congress, the Trump administration, or any new administration may make substantial changes to fiscal, tax, and other federal policies that may adversely affect our business.”
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Full comparison: every changed paragraph (19)

Green = added, red = removed. Unchanged paragraphs, 1 paragraphs where only numbers/dates changed, and tables are not shown. Read the complete text in the original filing.

Reworded

We could also encounter delays if a clinical trial is suspended or terminated by us, the IRBs or IECs of the institutions in which such trials are being conducted, the Data Safety Monitoring Board, or DSMB, for such trial or the FDA or other regulatory authorities. Such authorities may impose such a suspension or termination due to a number of factors, including failure to conduct the clinical trial in accordance with regulatory requirements or our clinical protocols, inspection of the clinical trial operations or trial site by the FDA or other regulatory authorities resulting in the imposition of a clinical hold, unforeseen safety issues or adverse side effects, failure to demonstrate a benefit from using a drug, changes in governmental regulations or administrative actions or lack of adequate funding to continue the clinical trial. Furthermore, we rely on CROs and clinical trial sites to ensure the proper and timely conduct of our clinical trials and, while we have agreements governing their committed activities, we have limited influence over their actual performance, as described in “Item 1A Risk Factors—Factors- Risks Related to Our Dependence on Third Parties.”

Reworded

We will strive, in conjunction with our wholly-owned subsidiary Enviro Therapeutics,strive to co-developdevelop companion biomarkers withfor all drugs in itsour portfolio and to evaluate whether a companion diagnostic test will be required for any of our product candidates. In general, the FDA expects to review and approve simultaneously NDA and pre-market approval submissions for a therapeutic and its companion diagnostic, respectively, so any delay in diagnostic approval could delay drug approval. On April 13, 2020, the FDA issued new guidance on developing and labeling companion diagnostics for a specific group of oncology therapeutic products, including recommendations to support a broader labeling claim rather than individual therapeutic products. We will continue to evaluate the impact of this guidance on our companion diagnostic development and strategy. This guidance and future issuances from the FDA and other regulatory authorities may impact our development of a companion diagnostic for our product candidates and result in delays in regulatory approval. We may be required to conduct additional studies to support a broader claim. Also, to the extent other approved diagnostics are able to broaden their labeling claims to include our approved drug products, if any, we may be forced to abandon any of our companion diagnostic development plans or we may not be able to compete effectively upon approval, which could adversely impact our ability to generate revenue from the sale of our to be approved products, if any, and our business operations.

Reworded

Our exclusive licensing rights to our intellectual property are subject to agreements with third parties and we may not meet milestones set forth in those agreements; our exclusive licensing rights may be terminated; these third-party licensors also own equity with certain anti-dilution and participation rights.terminated.

Reworded

Our agreements with Cedars-Sinai Medical Center and Tracon Pharmaceuticals, Inc.Inc., which were originally between each of Cedars-Sinai and Tracon and our subsidiary, Enviro Therapeutics, Inc., and which were assumed by the Company effective April 17, 2025 pursuant to a novation agreement, are contingent on our ability to make payments and meet commercialization commercialization goals, which we may not be able to meet based on innumerable factors. If we do not make such payments or meet such milestones, our exclusive licensing rights to our intellectual property may be terminated. Even if we meet certain milestones, we may not be able to make the required payments, which may cause us to breach such agreements.

Removed

Pursuant to the Enviro-Cedars license agreements, Enviro would also issue to Cedars shares of Enviro’s common stock equal to, in the aggregate between the two Enviro-Cedars license agreements, 2.0% of Enviro’s outstanding equity on a fully diluted basis. Cedars also has certain anti-dilution protections, whereby Enviro shall issue to Cedars, without consideration, additional shares necessary to ensure that Cedars maintains at least 2.0% of the equity issued and outstanding on a fully diluted basis until the earlier of (i) Enviro’s initial public offering or (ii) Enviro having raised at least $20,000,000 in capital. Cedars shall also have a right to participate in any private offering of Enviro’s equity securities and purchase for cash that number of securities issued to maintain Cedars’ pro rata ownership in Enviro on a fully diluted basis.

Removed

Pursuant a license and supply agreement between Enviro and Tracon Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Enviro issued Tracon equity ownership in Enviro equal to a number of shares of restricted common stock of Enviro equal to 7% on a fully diluted and converted basis of all common and preferred shares of Enviro. Until such time as Tracon has received all of the Cash Consideration (as defined in the Enviro-Tracon license agreement), Enviro or its successor in interest, shall issue to Tracon, without further consideration, any additional common stock of Enviro, or such successor in interest, necessary so that Tracon maintains ownership of shares of Enviro, or such successor in interest, equal to 7% on a fully diluted and converted basis of all common and preferred shares of Enviro (or its successor). Cash Consideration under the Enviro-Tracon license agreement consists of an upfront fee of $100,000, an additional $500,000 upon it’s or its successor’s completion of one or more financings through the sale of equity (or debt convertible to equity) in an amount of $10,000,000, and an additional $500,000 within 10 days of it’s or its successor’s completion of one or more financings through the sale of equity (or debt convertible to equity) in an amount of $22,000,000.

Removed

If the Company is not able to raise funds sufficient to terminate these anti-dilution rights granted to Cedars and Tracon, then investors in the Company’s securities could experience severe dilution in proportion to Cedars and Tracon. The presence of these anti-dilution rights granted to Cedars and Tracon may also discourage third-party investors from investing in the Company’s securities.

Reworded

As of the date of this Annual Report, our executive officers, directors, and current beneficial owners of 5% or more of our capital stock stock and their respective affiliates hold, in the aggregate, beneficially own [48.68]%37.2% of our outstanding common stock, based on 21,411,198 14,349,306 shares of our common stock outstanding as of AprilMarch 11,31, 2025.2026. As a result, these persons, acting together, would be able to significantly influence all matters requiring stockholder approval, including the election and removal of directors, any merger, consolidation, or sale of all or substantially all of our assets, or other significant corporate transactions. In addition, these persons, acting together, may have the ability to control the management and affairs of our Company. Accordingly, this concentration of ownership may harm the market price of our common stock by:

Added

Changes in funding for or disruption at the FDA, the SEC and other government agencies, including from government shut downs, or other disruptions to these agencies’ operations could hinder their ability to hire and retain key leadership and other personnel, delay the review and approval of regulatory submissions, limit the development or implementation of regulatory programs, prevent new products and services from being developed or commercialized in a timely manner or otherwise prevent those agencies from performing normal business functions on which the operation of our business may rely, which could negatively impact our business

Added

Federal agencies in the United States, including the FDA and the SEC, operate pursuant to annual appropriations and other political and budgetary processes, and may from time to time be subject to continuing resolutions, funding lapses, or other fiscal constraints. Without appropriation of sufficient funding to federal agencies, our business operations related to our product development activities for the U.S. market could be impacted.

Added

The ability of the FDA to review and approve new products can be affected by a variety of factors, including government budget and funding levels, the ability to hire and retain key personnel and accept the payment of user fees, and statutory, regulatory and policy changes. Average review times at the agency have fluctuated in recent years and may continue to fluctuate as a results of these factor as a result. In addition, government funding of the SEC and other government agencies on which our operations may rely, including those that fund research and development activities, is subject to the political process, which is inherently fluid and unpredictable. For example, the Trump administration has issued executive orders seeking to greatly reduce the size of the federal workforce, including through layoffs and severance packages offered to employees of federal agencies within the executive branch and independent agencies, including the FDA. Any such reduction in personnel may result in longer review times by the FDA and other agencies.

Added

Disruptions at the FDA and other agencies may also slow the time necessary for new product candidates to be reviewed and/or approved by necessary government agencies, which would adversely affect our business. For example, over the last several years, the U.S. government has shut down several times, most recently in October 1, 2025 through November 12, 2025, and certain regulatory agencies, such as the FDA and the SEC, have had to furlough critical employees and stop critical activities. If a prolonged government shutdown occurs again, or if global health concerns or shortages in resources prevent the FDA or other regulatory authorities from conducting their regulatory inspections, reviews or other regulatory activities, including formal or informal interactions with product developers, it could significantly impact the ability of the FDA to timely review and process our regulatory submissions, which could have a material adverse effect on our business. Further, future government shutdowns could impact our ability to access the public markets and obtain necessary capital in order to properly capitalize and continue our operations or delay the review or effectiveness of required regulatory or securities filings.

Added

The U.S. Congress, the Trump administration, or any new administration may make substantial changes to fiscal, tax, and other federal policies that may adversely affect our business.

Added

With the start of the Trump Administration in 2025, U.S. policy changes have been implemented at a rapid pace and additional changes are likely. Changes to U.S. policy implemented by the U.S. Congress, the Trump administration or any new administration have impacted and may in the future impact, among other things, the U.S. and global economy, international trade relations, unemployment, immigration, healthcare, taxation, the U.S. regulatory environment, inflation and other areas. Although we cannot predict the impact, if any, of these changes to our business, they could adversely affect our business. Until we know what policy changes are made, whether those policy changes are challenged and subsequently upheld by the court system and how those changes impact our business and the business of our competitors over the long term, we will not know if, overall, we will benefit from them or be negatively affected by them.

Added

The capital markets may experience periods of disruption, instability and economic uncertainty. Such market conditions may materially and adversely affect the debt and equity capital markets, which may have a negative impact on our business and operations.

Added

From time to time, capital markets may experience periods of disruption, instability and economic uncertainty. Such periods may result in, among other things, write-offs, the re-pricing of credit risk, the failure of financial institutions or worsening general economic conditions, any of which could materially and adversely impact the broader financial and credit markets and reduce the availability of debt and equity capital for the market as a whole and, as a result, negatively affect our ability to access capital. Global financial markets have experienced heightened volatility in recent years. In addition, social and political tensions in the U.S. and around the world may contribute to increased market volatility, may have long-term effects on the U.S. and worldwide financial markets, and may cause economic uncertainties or deterioration in the U.S. and worldwide. There can be no assurance these market conditions will not occur or worsen in the future, including economic and political events in or affecting the world’s major economies, such as the ongoing war between Russia and Ukraine and continued conflicts and political unrest in the Middle East and South America. Sanctions imposed by the U.S. and other countries in connection with hostilities between Russia and Ukraine, the war in Iran, conflicts in the Middle East, and the tensions between China and Taiwan have caused additional financial market volatility and affected the global economy. Concerns over future inflation volatility, economic recession, as well as interest rate volatility and fluctuations in oil and gas prices resulting from global production and demand levels, as well as geopolitical tension, have exacerbated market volatility. In addition, social unrest, changes regarding immigration and work permit policies and other political and security concerns may not abate, which may cause the debt and equity capital markets and our business to be adversely affected both within and outside of regions experiencing ongoing conflicts. Market uncertainty and volatility have also been magnified as a result of uncertainties regarding actual and potential shifts in U.S. and foreign trade, economic and other policies, including with respect to treaties and tariffs.

Added

Further, volatility in the capital markets may make it difficult to raise equity capital or obtain debt financing, the results of which could cause a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and/or results of operations. If we are unable to raise additional capital, we will not be able to fund our ongoing clinical trials and further develop our business.

Removed

We are currently operating in a period of economic uncertainty and capital markets disruption, which has been significantly impacted by geopolitical instability due to the ongoing military conflicts between Russia and Ukraine, as well as Israel and Hamas.

Removed

U.S. and global markets are experiencing volatility and disruption following the escalation of geopolitical tensions and the start of the military conflict between Russia and Ukraine, as well as Israel in Hamas. In February 2022, Russia launched a full-scale military invasion of Ukraine. And armed conflict began between Israel in Hamas in October 2023. Although the length and impact of the ongoing military conflicts is highly unpredictable, the conflict in Ukraine and the conflict in the Middle East could lead to market disruptions, including significant volatility in commodity prices, credit and capital markets. Additionally, Russia’s prior annexation of Crimea, recognition of two separatist republics in the Donetsk and Luhansk regions of Ukraine, subsequent military interventions in Ukraine, and attempted annexation of four oblasts in Ukraine have led to sanctions and other penalties being levied by the United States, European Union and other countries against Russia, Belarus, the Crimea Region of Ukraine, the so-called Donetsk People’s Republic, and the so-called Luhansk People’s Republic, including agreement to remove certain Russian financial institutions from the Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication (SWIFT) payment system. Additional potential sanctions and penalties have also been proposed and/or threatened. Russian military actions and the resulting sanctions could adversely affect the global economy and financial markets and lead to instability and lack of liquidity in capital markets, potentially making it more difficult for us to obtain additional funds. Any of the abovementioned factors could affect our business, prospects, financial condition, and operating results. The extent and duration of the military action, sanctions and resulting market disruptions are impossible to predict, but could be substantial. Any such disruptions may also magnify the impact of other risks described in this Annual Report.

Management's Discussion & Analysis (MD&A) (10-K Item 7)

11new paragraphs
7removed paragraphs
25reworded paragraphs
7,129 → 7,733words in section

New heading “2026 At the Market Offering”

New heading “Deferred Offering Costs”

New heading “Agreement with Helena Global Investment Opportunities”

Removed heading “Initial Public Offering (IPO)”

Largest changes (selected automatically by length and topic keywords; quoted verbatim, no commentary)

New text topics: going concern
“The Company has experienced recurring losses from operations since inception and incurred a net loss of $5,447 and used cash in operations of $3,441 during the year ended December 31, 2025. These factors raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The ability of the Company to continue as a going concern is dependent upon the Company’s ability to raise additional funds and implement its strategies. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary if the Company is unable to continue as a going concern.”
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Removed text topics: going concern
“The ability to continue as a going concern is dependent on the Company attaining and maintaining profitable operations in the future, which will primarily be accomplished by raising additional capital to meet its obligations and repay its liabilities arising from normal business operations when they come due. Since inception, the Company has funded its operations primarily through equity and debt financings and it expects to continue to rely on these sources of capital in the future until it is able to generate revenues.”
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New text
“Agreement with Helena Global Investment Opportunities”
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Removed text
“Initial Public Offering (IPO)”
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New text topics: labor
“As of December 31, 2025, the Company had cash and short-term investments of $4,491. Until we can generate sufficient product revenue to finance our cash requirements, which we may never do, we expect to finance our future cash needs through a combination of public or private equity offerings and debt financings, or other capital sources such as potential collaborations, strategic alliances, licensing arrangements and other arrangements. …”
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New text
“2026 At the Market Offering”
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Full comparison: every changed paragraph (43)

Green = added, red = removed. Unchanged paragraphs, 6 paragraphs where only numbers/dates changed, and tables are not shown. Read the complete text in the original filing.

Reworded

Our mission is to advance our portfolio of innovative therapeutics to reverse key mechanisms of therapeutic resistance and immune suppression and transform the way cancer is treated. We have leveraged molecular insights of the mechanisms of therapeutic resistance and immune suppression to develop a new class of novel drugs that weare expectdesigned willto target drug resistance and checkpoints of immune suppression. As As of the date of this AnnualQuarterly Report, our product candidates have not been approved as safe or effective by the FDA or any other comparable foreign regulator.

Reworded

Since inception, our operations have focused on organizing and staffing our Company, business planning, raising capital, acquiring and developing our technology, establishing our intellectual property portfolio, identifying potential product candidatescandidates, and undertaking preclinical and clinical studies and manufacturing. We do not have any products approved for sale and have not generated any revenue from product sales.

Reworded

Since inception, we have incurred significant operating losses. Our net losses were $2,603$5,447 and $1,812$2,603 for the years ended December 31, 20242025 and 2023.2024, respectively. As of December 31, 2024,2025, we had an accumulated deficit of $8,815.$14,262. We expect to continue to incur significant and increasing expenses and operating losses for the foreseeable future, as we advance our current and future product candidates through preclinical preclinical and clinical development, manufacture drug product and drug supply, seek regulatory approval for our current and future product candidates, candidates, maintain and expand our intellectual property portfolio, hire additional research and development and business personnel personnel, and operate as a public company.

Reworded

We will not generate revenue from product sales unless and until we successfully complete our clinical developmenttrials and obtain regulatory approval for our product candidates. In addition, if we obtain regulatory approval for our product candidates and do not enter into a third-party commercialization partnership, we will likely incur significant expenses related to developing our commercialization capability to support product sales, marketing, manufacturing, and distribution activities.

Removed

Initial Public Offering (IPO)

Removed

On September 17, 2024, we closed on our IPO of 1,550,000 shares of common stock at $4.00 per share, for gross proceeds of $6,200, following our listing on the NYSE American. Our IPO was underwritten by Boustead Securities, LLC (“Boustead”), acting as lead underwriter, with the underwriters receiving 7% cash compensation and warrants to purchase a total of 108,500 shares of common stock, exercisable at $4.80 per share. Net proceeds relating to the offering, before deducting deferred offering costs, were $5,524.

Reworded

On November 12, 2024, we entered into an ELOC agreement (the “ELOC Agreement”) with Helena Global Investment Opportunities I LTD (“Helena”), pursuant to which Helena agreed to purchase from the Company up to $30,000 shares of common stock (the “ELOC Shares”)., which the Company may exercise at any time following effectiveness of a registration statement at a price equal to the 95% of the lowest trading price during the three days following the Company’s notice to Helena to exercise the ELOC Agreement. The Company issued 670,641 shares of restricted common stock (the “Commitment Fee Shares”) to Helena as the a “Commitment Fee” for the ELOC Agreement. The ELOC Agreement will bebecame available for the Company’s use at such time following the filing and effectiveness of a resale registration statement registering the ELOC Shares for resale. AtFollowing the time of effectiveness of the resale registration statement (the “Effective Date”), the Commitment Fee Shares will bewere subject to a “true-up” pursuant to which, in the eventas the shares are valued at less than $900 on the Effective Date, additional shares will bewere issued to Helena to bring the ELOC Shares to the full $900 value.

Removed

The ELOC Agreement will terminate upon the following events: (i) the first day of the month next following the 36-month anniversary of the date of the ELOC Agreement or (ii) the date on which Helena has purchased the full $30,000 of ELOC Shares.

Reworded

The ELOC Agreement will terminate upon the following events: (i) the first day of the month next following the 36-month anniversary of the date of the ELOC Agreement or (ii) the date on which Helena has purchased the full $30,000 of ELOC Shares. The ELOC Agreement may also be terminated by the Company after its commencement, at the Company’s discretion, provided that there are no advance notices outstanding for which common stock has yet to be issued, and the Company has paid all amounts owed to Helena under the ELOC Agreement, including the Commitment Fee shares.

Added

At the Company’s annual meeting of shareholders on June 10, 2025, a majority of the Company’s shareholders approved the issuance in excess of 19.99% of the Company’s common stock at a price below market value, in accordance with the terms of the ELOC Agreement and in compliance with Rule 713 of the NYSE American LLC Company Guide.

Added

During the year ended December 31, 2025, in connection with its ELOC agreement with Helena, the Company sold 3,510,000 shares of its common stock to Helena for net proceeds of $3,205. The shares were issued to Helena during the year ended December 31, 2025.

Added

Boustead Securities LLC (“Boustead”) and D. Boral Capital LLC (“D. Boral”) acted as placement agents (the “Placement Agents”) in the ELOC offering and, following each exercise, are entitled to cash compensation of 7%, 1% non-accountable fees and warrants equal to 7%. To date, the Placement Agents have received total cash compensation equal to $313,225 and a total of 245,750 warrants to purchase common stock, exercisable at exercise prices of $0.40, $0.46 and $1.2308 per share, which warrants will expire five years from the date of grant.

Reworded

In advance of closing, on January 16, 2025, the Company and the Investor entered into an amendmentamended and restatement to therestated Purchase Agreement (the “A&R Purchase Agreement”), which amended the terms of the Purchase Agreement to include a requirement that the Company obtain shareholder approval prior to issuing in excess of 19.99% of the Company’s common stock and also amended the Common Warrants to make them immediately exercisable and reduce the exercise period from 5.5 years to five years. Other terms of the Purchase Agreement and Common Warrants remained the same.

Reworded

Boustead and D. Boral Capital LLC (“D. Boral”) acted as co-placement agents for the January 2025 PIPE Offering. In conjunction therewith, on January 16, 2025, the Company entered into a Placement Agent Agreement with Boustead (the “Placement Agent Agreement”). Under the terms of the Placement Agent Agreement, at closing, the Company paid the Placement Agents (i) a cash commission equal to 8% of the gross proceeds (including a 1% non-accountable expense fee) and (ii) warrants to purchase a total of 175,000 shares of common stock, exercisable at $1.40 per share, with the total cash and warrant compensation split equally between Bousteadthe andPlacement D. Boral.Agents.

Added

2026 At the Market Offering

Added

On January 12, 2026, we entered into an at-the-market (“ATM”) offering agreement (the “ATM Agreement”) with H.C. Wainwright Co., LLC (the “Placement Agent”) for the sale, from time to time, of up to $4,524,949 shares of our common stock. We registered the common stock offered under the ATM pursuant to prospectus supplement filed in conjunction with our shelf registration statement on Form S-3 (SEC File No. 333-292686), which was declared effective on January 23, 2026. Pursuant to the ATM Agreement, the Placement Agent is entitled to a placement agent fee of 3.0% of the gross sale price of shares sold under the ATM.

Reworded

We have not generated any sales to date. No revenue was recorded from any sources during the years ended December 31, 20242025 and 2023, respectively.2024.

Reworded

We are engaged in rolling out our Phase 1 and Phase 2 clinical trials for ENV-105ENV 105 and a Phase 1 trial for KROS-201.KROS 201. In addition, we are continuously continuously performing preclinical research including animal models of disease, medicinal chemistry laboratory studies, formulation, and toxicology and biodistribution studies. Our clinical development costs may vary significantly based on factors such as: per patient trial costs; the number of trials required for approval; the number of sites included in the trials; the location where the trials are conducted; the length of time required to enroll eligible patients; the number of patients that participate in the trials; the number of doses that patients receive; the drop-out or discontinuation rates of patients; potential additional safety monitoring requested by regulatory agencies; the duration of patient participation in the trials and follow-up; the cost and timing of manufacturing our product candidates; the phase of development of our product candidates; and the efficacy and safety profile of our product candidates.

Reworded

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries and related costs for personnel in executive, finance, corporate and business development, as well as administrative functions. General and administrative expenses also include legal fees relating to patent, corporate, IPO-related matters, and SEC reporting matters; professional fees for accounting, auditing, tax and administrative consulting services; insurance insurance costs; administrative travel expenses; marketing expenses and other operating costs.

Reworded

The following table summarizes our results of operations for the years ended December 31, 20242025 and 2023 (in thousands)2024:

Reworded

General and administrative expenses were $1,929$3,437 and $1,632$1,929 for the years ended December 31, 20242025 and 2023,2024, respectively. Significant changes between periods consisted of a $481the increase in consultingother professional service expenses and contractfees, laborprimarily expensesrelated to being a publicly traded company; the increase in 2024,insurance expenses, primarily D&O; and the increase in vendor advance amortization expense in 2025, relating to consulting expenses relating toour vendor advances; offset by a $694 decrease in stock-related expenses in 2024, primarily relating to the fair value of common shares issued in 2023 to shareholders.2025.

Reworded

Other Income (Expenses)

Reworded

Other expenses,income net,(expenses) werewas $260$125 and $98$(260) for the years ended December 31, 20242025 and 2023,2024, respectively. In fiscal2025, yearother income was interest income earned from our money market account. In 2024, other expenses were interest expense of $35, debt discount amortization of $154 and financing costs of $670.$670 Inand fiscaldebt yeardiscount amortization 2024,of $154, with other income consisted ofrelating to a gain on the settlement of accounts payable of $599. In fiscal year 2023, the other expenses were interest expense of $42 and debt discount amortization of $56.

Added

The Company has experienced recurring losses from operations since inception and incurred a net loss of $5,447 and used cash in operations of $3,441 during the year ended December 31, 2025. These factors raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The ability of the Company to continue as a going concern is dependent upon the Company’s ability to raise additional funds and implement its strategies. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary if the Company is unable to continue as a going concern.

Added

As of December 31, 2025, the Company had cash and short-term investments of $4,491. Until we can generate sufficient product revenue to finance our cash requirements, which we may never do, we expect to finance our future cash needs through a combination of public or private equity offerings and debt financings, or other capital sources such as potential collaborations, strategic alliances, licensing arrangements and other arrangements. Based on our research and development plans, we expect that our existing cash balance may not enable us to fund our planned operating expenses and capital expenditure requirements for at least the next 12 months from the date of filing of this Annual Report. We have based this estimate on assumptions that may prove to be wrong, and we could exhaust our available capital resources sooner than we expect. In addition, because the design and outcome of our anticipated and any future clinical trials is highly uncertain, we cannot reasonably estimate the actual amounts necessary to successfully complete the development and commercialization of our current products or any future product candidates. Additionally, although we have the ability to raise funds through our S-1 and S-3 registration statements filed in 2025 and 2026, we may not receive some or all of these available proceeds, due to certain factors. The failure to receive all or some of the proceeds would exhaust our available capital resources sooner than expected and will require us to obtain further funding to achieve our business objectives.

Removed

During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company incurred a net loss of $1,812 and had a shareholders’ deficit of $2,078 as of December 31, 2023. During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company incurred a net loss of $2,603 and used cash in operations of $3,955.

Removed

During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company closed its IPO and received $5,524 of net proceeds, before deducting deferred offering costs. Due to the funds received through the IPO, as well as the conversion of convertible notes payable and certain accounts payable upon the closing of the IPO, at December 31, 2024, the Company had cash totaling $1,272 and shareholders’ equity of $4,776.

Removed

In January 2025, the Company closed its January 2025 PIPE Offering, in which the Company received net proceeds of $3,145. The Company now expects its cash to last at least 12 months from the date of filing this Annual Report.

Removed

The ability to continue as a going concern is dependent on the Company attaining and maintaining profitable operations in the future, which will primarily be accomplished by raising additional capital to meet its obligations and repay its liabilities arising from normal business operations when they come due. Since inception, the Company has funded its operations primarily through equity and debt financings and it expects to continue to rely on these sources of capital in the future until it is able to generate revenues.

Reworded

No assurance can be given that any future financing will be available or, if available, that it will be on terms that are satisfactory to the Company. Even if the Company is able to obtain additional financing, such financingit may contain undue restrictions on our operations, in the case of debt financing, or cause substantial dilution for our stockholders,shareholders, in the caseevent of an equity financing.

Reworded

The table below summarizes our cash flow activities for the years ended December 31, 20242025 and 2023 (in thousands)2024:

Reworded

During the year ended December 31, 2024,2025, we used cash from operating activities of $3,955,$3,441, compared to $81$3,955 providedused during the year ended December 31, 2023.2024. During the year ended December 31, 2024,2025, we incurred a net loss of $2,603$5,447 and had non-cash expenses of $888,$2,182, compared to a net loss of $1,812$2,603 and non-cash expenses of $1,129$632 during the year ended December 31, 2023.2024. The primary non-cash expense duringin both periods2025 was stock-related expenses totalling $917 and $913 during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. In fiscal year 2024, non-cash expenses also included a gain on the settlementamortization of accounts payable of $599, and amortization expense relating to vendor advances of $256.$2,170.

Reworded

The net change in operating assets and liabilities during the year ended December 31, 20242025 wasused $2,240, cash of $806, compared to $764$1,984 providedused during the year ended December 31, 2023.2024. The primary use of cash relating to operating assets and liabilities during the year ended December 31, 20242025, was the increase in vendor advances of $2,614. The primary source of cash expenditures during the year ended December 31, 2023 was the increasedecrease in accounts payable and accrued expensesexpenses. The primary use of cash during the years ended December 31, 2024, $772.was the increase in vendor advances.

Reworded

During the year ended December 31, 2024,2025, we receivedprovided cash from financing activities of $5,134,$6,660, compared to $425$5,134 usedprovided during the year ended December December 31, 2023.2024. For the year ended December 31, 2024,2025, cash provided by financing activities consisted of proceeds from our private financing of $3,058 and proceeds of $3,602 from our ELOC. Net cash provided in 2024 was from net proceeds from our IPO of $5,524 and proceeds from notes payable to– officers of $142. Net cash used in fiscal year 2024 consisted of the repayment of notes payable to officers of $142 and the payment of deferred offering costs of $390.$390 and Inthe fiscal year 2023, net cash used by financing activities consistedrepayment of the paymentnotes payable – officers of deferred offering costs of $390.$142.

Reworded

During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company entered into several convertible note payable agreements with certain investors totallingtotaling $675. The notes accrue interest at 6% per annum, are unsecured and are due by April 2025. If the Company does not close an IPO transaction within 12 months of the date of the note, the Company would have the choice of paying off the principal plus all accrued and unpaid interest, or the note’s principal balance would increase to 110% of its original balance. The notes are convertible at the option of the noteholders into shares of the Company’s common stock at a price per share as defined in the agreement or will automatically be converted into shares of the Company’s common stock at 60% of the IPO price per share upon the closing of an IPO transaction. The net proceeds to the Company relating to the convertible notes, was $564. As of December 31, 2022, $675 of principal was outstanding on the notes, in addition to $17 of accrued and unpaid interest.

Reworded

We have an agreement with our former Chief Financial Officer that requires us to pay $50 upon the completion of raising more than $900 in a debt or an equity financing. $50 was owed as of December 31, 2024 and that amount was paid to the former CFO in during the period ended March 31, 2025.

Reworded

We believe that our existing cash, plus the net proceeds from the IPO and the January 2025 PIPE Offering, will enable us to fund our operating expenses and capital expenditure requirements for at least the next 12 months. We have based this estimate on assumptions that may prove to be wrong, and we could exhaust our available capital resources sooner than we expect. We expect that we will continue to require additional funding to complete the clinical development and commercialization of our product candidates, if we receive regulatory approval, and pursue in-licenses or acquisitions of other product candidates. If we receive regulatory approval for our product candidates, we expect to incur significant commercialization expenses related to product manufacturing, sales, marketing and distribution, depending on where we choose to commercialize ourselves.

Reworded

We have entered into various contracts with service providers pursuant to which we pay the vendorsvendor an advance at the beginning of the contractual period. These vendor advances could be paid by us either in cash or in shares of common stock, depending on the terms of the contract. The advances are reduced by the accumulated value of the services performed by the vendor or are amortized on a straight-line basis over the service period, whichever is shorter. As of December 31, 2024, advances to vendors totalledtotaled $3,115, with $2,615 being paid in cash and $500 being paid inwith shares of our common stock. Amortization expense relating to the vendor advances during the year ended December 31, 2024 was $256, with an unamortized balance of $2,859 as of December 31, 2024. During the year ended December 31, 2025, an additional advance to a vendor totaled $156, with the advance being paid with shares of our common stock, and amortization expense relating to the vendor advances was $2,170, with an unamortized balance of $845 as of December 31, 2025.

Added

Deferred Offering Costs

Added

Agreement with Helena Global Investment Opportunities

Added

On November 12, 2024, we entered into an agreement with Helena Global Investment Opportunities I LTD (“Helena”) pursuant to which we will have the right to issue and sell to Helena, from time to time, and Helena shall purchase from us, up to $30,000 of the Company’s shares of common stock (the “Equity Line of Credit”). The Equity Line of Credit became available to us after we filed a registration statement on Form S-1 registering the shares issuable under the Equity Line of Credit and such registration statement became effective. In exchange for the Equity Line of Credit, we are obligated to issue Helena a certain number of shares of common stock, calculated using $900 divided by the lowest one-day VWAP during the five trading days prior to entry into the agreement. As a result, we issued Helena 670,641 shares of its common stock valued at $1,377 on the date of issuance. We accounted for the value of the shares issued as deferred offering costs. The shares vested on the date of the agreement, were issued to Helena, and were subject to a “true up” based upon the value of the stock after we filed and obtained effectiveness of the registration statement registering the ELOC shares for resale. At December 31, 2024, the balance of the deferred offering costs was $1,377.

Added

On April 24, 2025, we issued another 384,459 shares of its common stock to Helena. The fair value of the shares on the date of grant was $328. We recorded the fair value of the shares as deferred offering costs as of the same date. During the year ended December 31, 2025, we amortized $614 of these costs as shares were issued under the agreement. As of December 31, 2025, the balance of the deferred offering costs was $1,091.

Reworded

At the end of each reporting period, we compare payments made to third-party service providers to the estimated progress toward completion of the applicable research or development objectives. Such estimates are subject to change as additional information becomes available. Depending on the timing of payments to the service providers and the progress that we estimate has been made as a result of the service provided, we may record net prepaid or accrued expenses relating to these costs. As of December 31, 2024,2024 and 2025, we have not made any material material adjustments to our prior estimates of accrued research and development expenses.

What changed in the latest 10-Q

Comparing 10-Q filed 2026-08-12 (period ending 2026-06-30) with 10-Q filed 2026-05-13 (period ending 2026-03-31).

Risk Factors (10-Q Part II, Item 1A)

2new paragraphs
0removed paragraphs
1reworded paragraphs
146 → 426words in section

New heading “If we fail to satisfy the continued listing requirements of NYSE American, our common stock could be delisted, which would severely impact the liquidity and market price of our shares. In addition, NYSE American continually reviews, updates, and proposes changes to its listing standards, which, if approved and implemented, could introduce additional delisting risks for issuers like us.”

Largest changes (selected automatically by length and topic keywords; quoted verbatim, no commentary)

New text topics: delist, liquidity
“If we fail to satisfy the continued listing requirements of NYSE American, our common stock could be delisted, which would severely impact the liquidity and market price of our shares. In addition, NYSE American continually reviews, updates, and proposes changes to its listing standards, which, if approved and implemented, could introduce additional delisting risks for issuers like us.”
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New text topics: delist, liquidity
“In order to remain listed on NYSE American, we must satisfy minimum financial and other continued listing requirements and standards, including those regarding director independence and independent committee requirements, minimum stockholders’ equity, minimum share price, and certain corporate governance requirements. …”
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Reworded

Paragraph as it now reads, with added and removed wording marked:

As a smaller reporting company, we are not required to provide the information required by this item. You should carefully consider the factors discussed in “Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, which could materially affect our business, financial condition or future results. WeExcept mayas bedisclosed unable for many reasons, including those that are beyond our control, to implement our business strategy successfully. The occurrence of any single risk or any combination of risks could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and the trading price of our common stock. As of the date of this reportbelow, there hashave been no material changechanges in any offrom the risk factors describedpreviously disclosed under the heading “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025. The risks described in our Annual Report are not the only risks we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial may also materially adversely affect our business, financial position, or future results of operations. We may disclose changes to such factors or disclose additional factors from time to time in our future filings with the SEC.
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Full comparison: every changed paragraph (3)

Green = added, red = removed. Unchanged paragraphs and tables are not shown. Read the complete text in the original filing.

Reworded

As a smaller reporting company, we are not required to provide the information required by this item. You should carefully consider the factors discussed in “Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, which could materially affect our business, financial condition or future results. WeExcept mayas bedisclosed unable for many reasons, including those that are beyond our control, to implement our business strategy successfully. The occurrence of any single risk or any combination of risks could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and the trading price of our common stock. As of the date of this reportbelow, there hashave been no material changechanges in any offrom the risk factors describedpreviously disclosed under the heading “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025. The risks described in our Annual Report are not the only risks we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial may also materially adversely affect our business, financial position, or future results of operations. We may disclose changes to such factors or disclose additional factors from time to time in our future filings with the SEC.

Added

If we fail to satisfy the continued listing requirements of NYSE American, our common stock could be delisted, which would severely impact the liquidity and market price of our shares. In addition, NYSE American continually reviews, updates, and proposes changes to its listing standards, which, if approved and implemented, could introduce additional delisting risks for issuers like us.

Added

In order to remain listed on NYSE American, we must satisfy minimum financial and other continued listing requirements and standards, including those regarding director independence and independent committee requirements, minimum stockholders’ equity, minimum share price, and certain corporate governance requirements. In addition to existing requirements, NYSE American may propose and amend its listing rules to seek to impose stricter, accelerated enforcement mechanisms, such as immediate trading suspensions and delisting proceedings for securities failing to meet minimum price thresholds, with limited or no compliance or cure periods. Any final implementation of such stricter rules could subject companies like us to rapid delisting risks. Furthermore, if the NYSE American listing standards are further modified, tightened, or alternatively finalized in the future, we may be unable to satisfy such evolving requirements under any circumstances. The risk of a rapid loss of NYSE American listing, or an actual delisting, could adversely affect investor confidence, the liquidity and trading price of our common stock, and our ability to access the capital markets, and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. There can be no assurance regarding our future stock performance or our ability to maintain compliance with NYSE American listing standards as they evolve.

Management's Discussion & Analysis (MD&A) (10-Q Part I, Item 2)

13new paragraphs
4removed paragraphs
27reworded paragraphs
5,587 → 5,707words in section

New heading “Comparison of the Six Months Ended June 30, 2026 and 2025”

New heading “Research and Development Expenses”

New heading “General and Administrative Expenses”

New heading “Agreement with Brammer Bio MA, LLC”

Removed heading “Common Stock Issued for Cash Upon Closing of the Company’s Private Financing”

Largest changes (selected automatically by length and topic keywords; quoted verbatim, no commentary)

Reworded topics: going concern

Paragraph as it now reads, with added and removed wording marked:

The Company has experienced recurring losses from operations since inception and incurred a net loss of $1,654$3,042 and used cash in operations of $1,036$2,048 during the threesix months ended MarchJune 31,30, 2026. These factors raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. In addition, the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm, in its report on the Company’s December 31, 2025 financial statements, has expressed substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The ability of the Company to continue as a going concern is dependent upon the Company’s ability to raise additional funds and implement its strategies. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary if the Company is unable to continue as a going concern.
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Removed text
“Common Stock Issued for Cash Upon Closing of the Company’s Private Financing”
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“Comparison of the Six Months Ended June 30, 2026 and 2025”
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“General and Administrative Expenses”
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“Agreement with Brammer Bio MA, LLC”
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New text
“Research and Development Expenses”
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Full comparison: every changed paragraph (44)

Green = added, red = removed. Unchanged paragraphs and tables are not shown. Read the complete text in the original filing.

Reworded

You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations (the “MD&A”) together with our unaudited consolidated financial statements and related notes appearing in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (the “Quarterly Report”), and with our audited financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2025, included in our annual report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on March 31, 2026 (the “2025 Annual Report”). Kairos Pharma, Ltd. may be referred to herein as “Kairos Pharma,” “the Company,” “we,” “us” or “our.”

Reworded

We areKairos Pharma, Ltd. is a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company advancing therapeutics for cancer patients that are designed to overcome key hurdles in immune suppression and drug resistance.

Reworded

Since inception, we have incurred significant operating losses. Our net losses were $1,654$3,042 and $1,262$2,684 for the threesix months ended MarchJune 31,30, 2026 2026 and 2025, respectively. As of MarchJune 31,30, 2026, we had an accumulated deficit of $15,916.$17,304. We expect to continue to incur significant and and increasing expenses and operating losses for the foreseeable future, as we advance our current and future product candidates through preclinical and clinical development, manufacture drug product and drug supply, seek regulatory approval for our current and future product candidates, maintain and expand our intellectual property portfolio, hire additional research and development and business personnel, and operate as a public company.

Added

In January 2026, we filed a shelf registration statement on Form S-3, registering up to $75,000 in aggregate securities and, in conjunction therewith, filed a prospectus supplement for the sale of up to $4,500 of common stock pursuant to an At the Market Offering Agreement (the “ATM Agreement”) with H.C. Wainwright and Co., LLC (the “Placement Agent”). Under the ATM Agreement, the Placement Agent will be entitled to 3.0% of the gross proceeds of any sales made under the ATM Agreement. As a result of the ATM offering, during the six months ended June 30, 2026, we raised gross proceeds of $392 through the sale of 601,947 shares of its common stock. Net proceeds were $374 after the deduction of offering costs.

Removed

On January 12, 2026, we entered into an ATM Agreement with HCW for the sale, from time to time, up to $4,524,949 shares of our common stock. We registered the common stock offered under the ATM Agreement pursuant to a prospectus supplement filed in conjunction with our shelf registration statement on Form S-3 (SEC File No. 333-292686), which was declared effective on January 23, 2026. Pursuant to the ATM Agreement, HCW is entitled to a placement agent fee of 3.0% of the gross sale price of shares sold under the ATM Agreement.

Reworded

AsSubsequent ato resultJune of the ATM offering, during the three months ended March 31,30, 2026, the Company raised gross proceeds of $385$911 through the sale of 589,8452,359,326 shares of its common stock.stock Net proceeds were $367 afterunder the deduction of offering costs.ATM.

Removed

Common Stock Issued for Cash Upon Closing of the Company’s Private Financing

Removed

On January 14, 2025, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement (“SPA”) and registration rights agreement with an investor for the sale and issuance of 2,500,000 units (the “Pre-Funded Units”), with each Pre-Funded Unit consisting of a pre-funded warrant to purchase one share of common stock, exercisable for $0.001 per share, and a common warrant to purchase one and one half shares of common stock (an aggregate of 3,750,000), exercisable at $1.399 per share. On January 16, 2025, the Company closed on the sale of the Pre-Funded Units for a total purchase price of $3,500 (or $1.40 per Pre-Funded Unit). Net proceeds received by the Company relating to the financing, and subsequent exercise of prefunded warrants was $3,058.

Removed

The pre-funded warrants have an exercise price of $0.001 per share and are immediately exercisable and will expire when exercised in full. The common warrants have an exercise price of $1.40 per share, will be exercisable six months from issuance and will expire five and a half years from the issuance date. During the year ended December 31, 2025, the investor exercised 2,500,000 shares of the pre-funded warrants and as of December 31, 2025, there were no pre-funded shares remaining unexercised.

Reworded

On May 11, 2026, the Companywe entered into a Pharmaceutical Development Services Agreement with Brammer Bio MA, LLC (“Patheon”), under which Patheon agrees to transfer and manufacture clinical supply of ENV-105 sterile liquid vials in compliance with applicable regulations and cGMP to support Phase II clinical trials. The agreement also covers related analytical and microbiology methods, stability studies, and regulatory support, and includes customary terms on confidentiality, intellectual property ownership, quality audits, fees and cancellation, term, and termination. The total amount committed by the Company under the agreement is $783.

Reworded

We have not generated any sales to date. No revenue was recorded from any source during the threesix months ended MarchJune 31,30, 2026 and 2025.

Reworded

Comparison of the Three Months Ended MarchJune 31,30, 2026 and 2025

Reworded

The following table summarizes our results of operations for the three months ended MarchJune 31,30, 2026 and 2025:

Reworded

The table below summarizes our research and development expenses for the three months ended MarchJune 31,30, 2026 and 2025:

Reworded

Research and development expenses were $684$619 and $493$496 for the three months ended MarchJune 31,30, 2026 and 2025, respectively. The increase in R&D expenses in the firstsecond quarter of 2026 compared to the second quarter of 2025 primarily related to our Phase 2 trial in prostate cancer beginning in 2024.

Reworded

The table below summarizes our general and administrative expenses for the three months ended MarchJune 31,30, 2026 and 2025:

Reworded

General and administrative expenses were $1,006$798 and $773$960 for the three months ended MarchJune 31,30, 2026 and 2025, respectively. SignificantThere were no significant changes between periods consisted of the increase in otherexpense professionalcategories servicebetween expenses and fees in 2026, primarily related to being a publicly traded company.periods.

Reworded

Other income was $36$29 and $4$34 for the three months ended MarchJune 31,30, 2026 and 2025, respectively. In both periods, other income was interest income earned from our money market account.

Added

Comparison of the Six Months Ended June 30, 2026 and 2025

Added

The following table summarizes our results of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025:

Added

Research and Development Expenses

Added

The table below summarizes our research and development expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025:

Added

Research and development (“R&D”) expenses were $1,303 and $989 for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively. The increase in R&D expenses in the first six months of 2026 primarily related to our Phase 2 trial in prostate cancer beginning in 2024.

Added

General and Administrative Expenses

Added

The table below summarizes our general and administrative expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025:

Added

General and administrative expenses were $1,804 and $1,733 for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively. Significant changes between periods consisted of the decrease in the amortization of vendor advances in 2026, primarily related to the amount, timing and duration of each advance.

Added

Other Income

Added

Other income was $65 and $38 for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively. In both periods, other income was interest income earned from our money market account.

Reworded

The Company has experienced recurring losses from operations since inception and incurred a net loss of $1,654$3,042 and used cash in operations of $1,036$2,048 during the threesix months ended MarchJune 31,30, 2026. These factors raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. In addition, the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm, in its report on the Company’s December 31, 2025 financial statements, has expressed substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. The ability of the Company to continue as a going concern is dependent upon the Company’s ability to raise additional funds and implement its strategies. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary if the Company is unable to continue as a going concern.

Reworded

As of MarchJune 31,30, 2026, the Company had cash and short-term investments of $3,675.$2,626. Until the Company can generate sufficient product revenue revenue to finance our cash requirements, which we may never do, we expect to finance our future cash needs through a combination of public or private equity offerings and debt financings, or other capital sources such as potential collaborations, strategic alliances, licensing arrangements and other arrangements. Based on our research and development plans, we expect that our existing cash balance may not enable us to fund our planned operating expenses and capital expenditure requirements for at least the next 12 months from the date of filing of this report. We have based this estimate on assumptions that may prove to be wrong, and we could exhaust our available capital resources sooner than we expect. In addition, because the design and outcome of our anticipated and any future clinical trials is highly uncertain, we cannot reasonably estimate the actual amounts necessary to successfully complete the development and commercialization of our current products or any future product candidates. Additionally, although we have the ability to raise funds through our Form S-1 (which registers shares for resale under our equity line of credit agreement S-1(“ELOC”) and Form S-3 (which registers shares underlying an at-the-market offering (“ATM Offering”) agreement, which registration statements were filed in 2025 and 2026, respectively, we may not receive some or all of these available proceeds,proceeds due to certain factors. The failure to receive all or some of the proceeds available under these offerings would exhaust our available capital resources sooner than expected and will require us to obtain further funding to achieve our business objectives.

Reworded

The table below summarizes our cash flow activities for the threesix months ended MarchJune 31,30, 2026 and 2025:

Reworded

During the threesix months ended MarchJune 31,30, 2026, we used cash from operating activities of $1,036,$2,048, compared to $714$1,519 used during the three six months ended June March 31,30, 2025. During the threesix months ended MarchJune 31,30, 2026, we incurred a net loss of $1,654$3,042 and had non-cash expenses of $519,$1,013, compared to a net loss of $1,262$2,684 and non-cash expenses of $116$1,531 during the threesix months ended MarchJune 31,30, 2025. The primary non-cash expense in the first threesix months of 2026 was the amortization of vendor advances of $220$433 and the fair value of vested restricted stock units of $259. $518. The primary non-cash expense in the same period of 2025 was the amortization of vendor advances of $1,298 and the fair value of vested restricted stock units of $76.$153.

Reworded

The net change in operating assets and liabilities during the threesix months ended MarchJune 31,30, 2026 providedused cash of $99,$19, compared to $432$366 providedused during during the threesix months ended MarchJune 31,30, 2025. The primary sourceuse of cash relating to operating assets and liabilities during the three six months ended June March 31,30, 2026, was the increase in prepaid expenses. The primary use of cash during the six months ended June 30, 2025, was the decrease in accounts payable and accrued expenses. The primary source of cash during the three months ended March 31, 2025, was the decrease in vendor advances.

Reworded

During the threesix months ended MarchJune 31,30, 2026, we provided cash from financing activities of $220,$183, compared to $3,058$3,281 provided during the three six months ended MarchJune 31,30, 2025. For the threesix months ended MarchJune 31,30, 2026, cash provided by financing activities consisted of proceeds from our ATM offering Offering of $385.$392. Net cash provided in the same period of 2025 was from net proceeds from the sale and exercise of prefunded warrants of $3,058 and proceeds from our ELOC of $3,058.$223. Net cash used in the first threesix months of 2026 consisted of the payment of deferred offering offering costs of $165.$209.

Reworded

The Company hasWe entered into four Exclusive License Agreements with Cedars, each of which grants the Company licensing rights with respect to certain patent rights owned by Cedars as follows:

Reworded

As of MarchJune 31,30, 2026, no amounts were due under the Exclusive License Agreements between Cedars and the Company.

Reworded

On June 2, 2021, the Company’sour then-wholly owned subsidiary, Enviro, entered into two Exclusive License Agreements with Cedars, which granted Enviro exclusive licensing rights (which include the right to sublicense) with respect to certain patent rights owned by Cedars, as follows:

Reworded

On November 12, 2025, the Companywe entered into an amendment (the “Lonza Amendment”) to the sales agreement with Lonza Sales AG (“Lonza”), originally dated February 14, 2008, pursuant to which the Company agreed to purchase and Lonza agreed to testing of standards and the preparation to manufacture ENV105 antibody to be used in the Company’s Phase 2 clinical trial. The Company agreed to pay a total of $1,143 in consideration, which will be paid over time as each of the 13 stages of the Lonza Amendment are completed.

Reworded

On March 27, 2026, the Companywe entered into an additional statement of work to the sales agreement with Lonza pursuant to which the Company agreed to pay an additional amount of approximately $2,000, which will also be paid over time as each of the 13 stages of the Lonza Amendment are completed. As of March 31, 2026, Lonza’s testing and preparation of the ENV105 antibody had begun but had yet to be completed and the Company had yet to make any payments to Lonza. Subsequent to March 31, 2026, the Company made a payment of $160 to Lonza under the amended agreement.

Added

Agreement with Brammer Bio MA, LLC

Added

On May 11, 2026, we entered into a Pharmaceutical Development Services Agreement with Brammer Bio MA, LLC (“Patheon”), under which Patheon agrees to transfer and manufacture clinical supply of ENV-105 sterile liquid vials in compliance with applicable regulations and cGMP to support Phase II clinical trials. The agreement also covers related analytical and microbiology methods, stability studies, and regulatory support, and includes customary terms on confidentiality, intellectual property ownership, quality audits, fees and cancellation, term, and termination. The total amount committed by the Company under the agreement is $783.

Reworded

On March 2, 2026, the Companywe entered into a binding term sheet with Celyn Therapeutics, Inc., a privately held biotechnology company, regarding a proposed asset acquisition of CL-273, an investigational, reversible, wild type sparing pan EGFR small molecule inhibitor being developed by Eilean Therapeutics for EGFR mutant non-small cell lung cancer. Pursuant to the term sheet, the Company will receive 100% of the development, manufacturing, commercialization rights, patent prosecution and patent filing rights worldwide to CL-273 in exchange for upfront payment of 16.5% of the Company’s outstanding capital stock, with such stock to be issued in the form of Common Stock or convertible preferred stock, and milestone payments of (i) $15 million payable at NDA or BLA FDA, with such payment to be made in combination of cash and stock and (ii) 2% royalties from net revenue generated from sales in the U.S. for the life of the intellectual property. Closing is subject to satisfactory completionAs of dueJune diligence30, and2026, negotiationthe ofCL-273 a definitiveasset acquisition agreement.was no longer under negotiation.

Reworded

During the threesix months ended MarchJune 31,30, 2026 and 2025, we did not have, and we do not currently have, any off-balance sheet arrangements (as defined defined under SEC rules).

Reworded

For a description of recently issued accounting standards that may have a material impact on our financial statements or will otherwise apply to our operations, please see Note 2 to our auditedunaudited financial statements appearing elsewhere in this Quarterly Report.

KAPA insider buying and selling (Form 4)

Since 2026-04-11, insiders reported open-market purchases in 0 Form 4 filings and open-market sales in 0 filings. Totals add up every open-market (code P and S) line in those filings, using the prices reported in the filings. Awards, option exercises, tax withholding and gifts are listed below but not counted.

No Form 4 stock transactions in this period.

Well-known investors holding KAPA (13F)

InvestorQuarterSharesReported value% of their 13FChange vs prior quarter
Citadel Advisors (Ken Griffin) COM2026-06-30309,834$118.9K0.0%New position
Two Sigma Investments COM2026-06-3039,543$22.1K—Sold out

13F reports are filed up to 45 days after quarter end and show long U.S. equity positions only; options positions are omitted here.

Coming soon: email alerts when KAPA files, watchlists and downloadable comparisons.