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MWYN 10-K & 10-Q changes, risk factors and insider trading

Marwynn Holdings, Inc. · Nasdaq · Wholesale-Groceries, General Line · CIK 2030522 · All filings on SEC.gov

Everything below is quoted or computed from Marwynn Holdings, Inc.'s public SEC filings. It is not a recommendation to buy or sell. Automated comparisons can contain errors; confirm with the original filing.

At a glance

59 / 44risk-factor paragraphs added / removed in latest 10-K
18new risk-factor headings
0Form 4 filings reporting open-market purchases (last 180 days)
0Form 4 filings reporting open-market sales (last 180 days)

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What changed in the latest 10-K

Comparing 10-K filed 2026-07-30 (period ending 2026-04-30) with 10-K filed 2025-08-08 (period ending 2025-04-30).

Risk Factors (10-K Item 1A)

59new paragraphs
44removed paragraphs
6reworded paragraphs
15,314 → 15,555words in section

New heading “Our management team lacks significant operational experience in the big data AI platform and battery recycling industries, and our failure to successfully manage our entry into these markets could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.”

New heading “We operate in the highly competitive markets of food and beverage supply chain management, big data AI platform hubs, e-waste recycling, and black mass production, and we expect to incur substantial losses without generating significant near-term revenue due to recent expansions.”

New heading “We currently hold no patents for our big data AI platform or battery processing technologies, which limits our ability to protect our intellectual property and exposes us to intense competition and potential infringement claims.”

New heading “Our business model portfolio includes fundamentally unrelated industries with no material operational synergies, which may divide management’s attention, strain our financial resources, and create significant inefficiencies.”

New heading “We have an evolving business model, which increases the complexity of our business.”

New heading “You may experience future dilution as a result of future equity offerings.”

New heading “Our future success depends on our ability to develop, maintain, and expand our operating platforms, technology offerings, and commercial relationships.”

New heading “Our operations depend on the availability of feedstock, equipment, components, logistics services, and third-party suppliers, and disruptions in our supply chain could adversely affect our business.”

New heading “Our business is subject to fluctuations in commodity prices, operating costs, and inflation, which could adversely affect our profitability and results of operations.”

New heading “We have experienced a significant decline in revenue within our FuAn business segment, which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.”

New heading “We have a limited operating history and face significant risks related to our new EcoloopX business strategy, including substantial capital requirements, facility construction and feedstock procurement challenges, commodity price volatility, regulatory compliance, and intense industry competition.”

New heading “Failure on the parts of recycling and processing partners to comply with applicable laws and regulation may disrupt e-waste reverse supply chain which may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition. Our planned expansion into the production of “black mass” will significantly increase our regulatory burden and direct operational risks.”

New heading “The economic value of recyclable materials is partially influenced by commodity prices such as copper, lithium, nickel, and cobalt.”

New heading “Our ability to generate revenue depends on securing reliable sources of electronic waste materials.”

New heading “Growth of our EcoLoopX platform depends in part on the development of battery recycling and circular economy markets.”

New heading “Our AI powered big data platform will operate in an industry characterized by rapid technological change, unpredictable market adoption, and an intensely uncertain regulatory landscape, which together expose us to significant legal and financial risks.”

New heading “Volatility in our common stock price may subject us to securities litigation.”

New heading “We have failed to comply with the continued listing requirements of Nasdaq, our common stock may be delisted and the price of our common stock and our ability to access the capital markets could be negatively impacted.”

Removed heading “Our business depends on the continued success of our growing brand portfolio and if we fail to maintain and expand our brand portfolio, including our private label offerings, or maintain and enhance our brand recognition, our business, results of operations and prospects may be harmed.”

Removed heading “Our product supply chain is essential to our business and is subject to risks associated with demands, forecasting, timely supplying and warehousing, as well as maintaining relationship with our suppliers.”

Removed heading “A Substantial Percentage of Our Revenue Is Dependent on One Customer.”

Removed heading “Home Improvement”

Removed heading “Loss of one or more of our manufacturers or our failure to timely identify and establish relationships with new co-manufacturers could harm our business and impede our growth.”

Removed heading “We may be harmed by negative publicity.”

Removed heading “We compete with numerous home improvement manufacturers in highly competitive markets. Competition can affect customer preferences, reduce demand for our products, negatively affect our product sales mix, leverage greater financial resources, or cause us to lower prices, any or all of which could adversely affect our financial condition, liquidity or results of operation.”

Removed heading “If we are unable to anticipate consumer preferences and successfully develop and introduce new, innovative and updated products, we may not be able to maintain or increase our net revenues and profitability.”

Removed heading “Potential disruptions in supplier payment terms and business operations could adversely affect our cash flow and business.”

Removed heading “Our business is subject to seasonal influences, and uncharacteristic or significant weather conditions, climate change, natural disasters, as well as other catastrophic events, could impact our operations.”

Removed heading “Uncertainty regarding the housing market, economic conditions, political and social climate, public health issues, and other factors beyond our control could adversely affect demand for our products and services, our costs of doing business, and our financial performance.”

Removed heading “Our costs of doing business could increase as a result of changes in, expanded enforcement of, or adoption of new federal, state, local or international laws and regulations.”

Removed heading “The inflation or deflation of commodity and other prices could affect our prices, demand for our products, our sales and our profit margins.”

Removed heading “Our Indoor Home Improvement Business is Dependent on a Limited Number of Suppliers.”

Largest changes (selected automatically by length and topic keywords; quoted verbatim, no commentary)

Removed text topics: sanction, inflation, interest rate, climate
“Our financial performance depends significantly on the stability of the housing and home improvement markets, as well as general economic conditions, including changes in gross domestic product. …”
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Removed text topics: tariff, middle east, inflation, regulation
“Prices of certain commodity products, including lumber and other raw materials, are historically volatile and are subject to fluctuations arising from changes in domestic and international supply and demand, inflationary or deflationary pressures, labor costs, competition, market speculation, government regulations, tariffs and trade restrictions, natural disasters, geopolitical conflicts, and periodic delays in delivery. …”
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Removed text topics: antitrust, supply chain, regulation, labor
“We are subject to various U.S. federal, state and local laws and regulations, as well as international laws and regulations, that govern numerous aspects of our business. In recent years, a number of new laws and regulations have been adopted, there has been expanded enforcement of certain existing laws and regulations by federal, state and local agencies, and the interpretation of certain laws and regulations has become increasingly complex. …”
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New text topics: fine, export control, supply chain, regulation
“Electronic waste materials may be subject to federal, state, and international environmental and hazardous materials regulations. At present, EcoLoopX provides non-operational supply chain services and does not engage in any physical processing, dismantling, recycling, or hazardous materials handling. EcoLoopX currently functions as an asset-light supply chain integrator thatconnects upstream e-waste generators, such as electronics distributors, IT asset disposition providers, and enterprise users, with licensed downstream processors, recyclers, and refiners in the United States and Asia. …”
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Removed text topics: liquidity, competition
“We compete with numerous home improvement manufacturers in highly competitive markets. Competition can affect customer preferences, reduce demand for our products, negatively affect our product sales mix, leverage greater financial resources, or cause us to lower prices, any or all of which could adversely affect our financial condition, liquidity or results of operation.”
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New text topics: tariff, cybersecurity incident, inflation, labor
“Our ability to meet customer demand depends on maintaining reliable sources of supply, accurately forecasting operational requirements, effectively managing inventory, coordinating logistics, and maintaining productive relationships with suppliers and business partners. …”
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Full comparison: every changed paragraph (109)

Green = added, red = removed. Unchanged paragraphs, 3 paragraphs where only numbers/dates changed, and tables are not shown. Read the complete text in the original filing.

Added

Our management team lacks significant operational experience in the big data AI platform and battery recycling industries, and our failure to successfully manage our entry into these markets could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Added

Historically, our core business has not involved big data artificial intelligence infrastructure, e-waste recycling, or the industrial production of black mass. Consequently, our executive officers and management team have limited direct experience managing the unique technical, regulatory, and commercial challenges inherent in these specific sectors. Developing a big data AI platform hub and scaling battery processing facilities require highly specialized knowledge. If our management is unable to effectively adapt to these new operational demands, or if we fail to attract and retain qualified technical personnel and industry experts, our expansion efforts could be severely restricted. Any failure to successfully execute our strategy in these new markets could lead to a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Added

We operate in the highly competitive markets of food and beverage supply chain management, big data AI platform hubs, e-waste recycling, and black mass production, and we expect to incur substantial losses without generating significant near-term revenue due to recent expansions.

Added

We face intense competition across all of our targeted operating segments. The big data AI platform sector is dominated by well-capitalized technology companies with established infrastructure and stable cooperations among partners, while the e-waste and battery recycling markets include both legacy processors and rapidly growing specialized firms with advanced or patented processing technologies. Similarly, the food and beverage supply chain industry is highly fragmented and competitive. We anticipate incurring significant upfront capital expenditures and operating expenses to build out our AI infrastructure and physical battery processing capabilities. Because these development cycles are highly capital-intensive and time-consuming, we do not anticipate generating material revenue or achieving substantial commercial milestones from these new business lines in the near term. If we cannot compete effectively, secure necessary market share, or successfully manage operations across these diverse segments, we may never achieve profitability.

Added

We currently hold no patents for our big data AI platform or battery processing technologies, which limits our ability to protect our intellectual property and exposes us to intense competition and potential infringement claims.

Added

To date, we have not acquired or developed any patents covering our artificial intelligence infrastructure, e-waste reverse supply chain processes, or “black mass” production methods. The markets for AI and advanced battery processing are characterized by rapid technological change and are dominated by competitors with extensive and established intellectual property portfolios. Without formal patent protection, we must rely entirely on unpatented proprietary know-how and trade secrets, and we may be unable to prevent competitors from reverse-engineering or independently developing technologies and business models that are similar or superior to ours. Furthermore, as we expand into these heavily patented fields, we face a heightened risk of inadvertently infringing upon the intellectual property rights of established technology companies or legacy recyclers. Any claims of infringement against us, regardless of their merit, could result in costly litigation, force us to pay substantial royalties, or require us to cease utilizing critical technologies, which would have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

Added

Our business model portfolio includes fundamentally unrelated industries with no material operational synergies, which may divide management’s attention, strain our financial resources, and create significant inefficiencies.

Added

Following our planned expansions, our operations will span three distinct and unrelated sectors: food and beverage supply chain management, AI platform hubs, and hazardous battery recycling for black mass production. These distinct business lines do not share overlapping customer bases, supply chains, technical requirements, or regulatory frameworks. Consequently, we do not anticipate realizing any material operational or financial synergies among them. Managing such disparate operations requires widely divergent expertise and the appropriate allocation of capital across entirely separate markets. This highly fragmented organizational structure may severely distract our management team, spread our financial and operational resources too thinly, and prevent us from competing effectively against those competitors that are exclusively focused on a single industry. If we cannot effectively manage the complexities and resource demands of these divided operations, our overall business, financial condition, and results of operations will be materially adversely affected.

Added

We have an evolving business model, which increases the complexity of our business.

Added

Our business model has evolved in the past and continues to do so. In prior years we have added additional types of services and product offerings and in some cases, we have modified or discontinued those offerings. We intend to continue to try to offer additional types of products or services, and we do not know whether any of them will be successful. From time to time we have also modified aspects of our business model relating to our product mix. We do not know whether these or any other modifications will be successful. The additions and modifications to our business have increased the complexity of our business and placed significant strain on our management, personnel, operations, systems, technical performance, financial resources, and internal financial control and reporting functions. Future additions to or modifications of our business are likely to have similar effects. Further, any new business or website we launch that is not favorably received by the market could damage our reputation or our brand. The occurrence of any of the foregoing could have a material adverse effect on our business.

Reworded

Marwynn Holdings, Inc. was formed as a holding company on February 27, 2024, and asoperates athrough partits wholly-owned subsidiaries FuAn, EcoLoopX and NexaCore. FuAn was incorporated in California on April 18, 2016, EcoLoopX was incorporated in the state of theCalifornia Reorganizationon November 25, 2025, and Merger,NexaCore becamewas theincorporated parentin state of FuAn,Delaware whichon commencedMarch its27, current2026. operationBoth inEcoLoopX 2016, and GrandNexaCore Forest,are whichstartups commencedand itshave operationlimited operations inat 2021.this time. As a result, we have a limited operating history and limited experience selling our products, establishing relationships with consumers, customers, suppliers, vendors and distributors and building our brand reputation. These and other factors combine to make it more difficult for us to accurately forecast our future operating results, which in turn makes it more difficult for us to prepare accurate budgets and implement strategic plans. We expect that this uncertainty will continue to exist in our business for the foreseeable future. If we do not address these risks and uncertainties successfully, our operating results could differ materially from our estimates and forecasts, and from the expectations of investors or analysts, which could harm our business and result in a decline in the trading price of our common stock.

Reworded

We may will need to raise additional funding in ordercapital to fund our existing commercialoperations operations,in commercializefurtherance new products and growof our business.business plan.

Added

Until we are profitable, we will need to raise additional capital in order to fund our operations in furtherance of our business plan. The proposed financing may include shares of common stock, shares of preferred stock, warrants to purchase shares of common stock or preferred stock, debt securities, units consisting of the foregoing securities, equity investments from strategic development partners or some combination of each. Any additional equity financings may be financially dilutive to, and will be dilutive from an ownership perspective to, our stockholders, and such dilution may be significant based upon the size of such financing. Additionally, we cannot assure that such funding will be available on a timely basis, in needed quantities, or on terms favorable to us, if at all.

Added

You may experience future dilution as a result of future equity offerings.

Added

In order to raise additional capital, we may in the future offer additional shares of our common stock or other securities convertible into or exchangeable for our common stock at varying prices. We cannot predict whether future issuances of shares of our common stock or the availability of shares for resale in the open market will decrease the market price per share of our common stock. We are not restricted from issuing additional shares of common stock, including any securities that are convertible into or exchangeable for, or that represent the right to receive shares of common stock. Sales of a substantial number of shares of our common stock in the public market or the perception that such sales might occur, including, for example, sales under an “at the market offering” (the “ATM Offering”) as defined in Rule 415 under the Securities Act, could materially adversely affect the market price of the shares of our common stock. Because our decision to issue securities in any future offering will depend on market conditions and other factors beyond our control, we cannot predict or estimate the amount, timing or nature of our future offerings. Thus, our stockholders bear the risk of any future stock issuances reducing the market price of our common stock and diluting their stock holdings in us.

Removed

To date, we have financed our operations through our IPO, loans from some of our stockholders, and private placements of our equity. We have devoted substantially all our financial resources and efforts to developing our products, workforce, and supply chain. Our long-term growth and success are dependent upon our ability ultimately to expand our customer base and product offerings. There is no assurance that we will be able to generate sufficient cash from operations or access the capital we need to grow our business. Our inability to obtain additional capital could have a material adverse effect on our ability to fully implement our business plan as described herein and grow our business, to a greater extent than we can with our existing financial resources.

Removed

Based on our current business plan, we believe the net proceeds from our IPO, together with our current cash and cash equivalents and cash receipts from sales, will enable us to conduct our planned operations for at least the next twelve months. If our available cash balances, net proceeds from our IPO and/or anticipated cash flow from operations are insufficient to satisfy our liquidity requirements because of lower demand for our products or due to other risks described herein, we may seek to sell common stock or other securities, enter into an additional credit facility or seek another form of third-party funding, including debt financing. The amount of additional capital we may require, the timing of our capital needs and the availability of financing to fund those needs will depend on a number of factors, including our strategic initiatives and operating plans, the performance of our business and the market conditions for debt or equity financing. Although we believe various debt and equity financing alternatives will be available to us to support our working capital needs, financing arrangements on acceptable terms may not be available to us when needed. Additionally, these alternatives may require significant cash payments for interest and other costs or could be highly dilutive to our existing stockholders. Any such financing alternatives may not provide us with sufficient funds to meet our long-term capital requirements.

Removed

We may consider raising additional capital in the future to expand our business, to pursue strategic investments, to take advantage of financing opportunities or for other reasons, including to:

Removed

Our present and future funding requirements will depend on many factors, including:

Removed

The various ways we could raise additional capital carry potential risks. If we raise funds by issuing equity securities, dilution to our stockholders could result. Any equity securities issued also could provide for rights, preferences, or privileges senior to those of holders of shares of our common stock. If we raise funds by issuing debt securities, those debt securities would have rights, preferences, and privileges senior to those of holders of shares of our common stock. The terms of any debt securities issued or borrowings made pursuant to a credit agreement could impose significant restrictions on our operations. If we raise additional funds through collaborations and licensing arrangements, we might be required to relinquish significant rights or grant licenses on terms that are not favorable to us.

Added

Additionally, we expect to continue expanding our operations through the growth of our subsidiaries, including NexaCore and EcoloopX, the development of new products and services, the leasing and operation of warehouse and manufacturing facilities, strategic acquisitions, and the expansion of our customer base and workforce. Our ability to successfully execute these initiatives will require us to effectively manage operational complexity, recruit and retain qualified personnel, integrate new technologies and acquired businesses, expand our internal controls and information systems, and maintain effective financial, legal, compliance, and administrative processes.

Added

As our business grows, we expect to incur additional operating expenses and capital expenditures related to personnel, technology infrastructure, manufacturing facilities, logistics operations, cybersecurity, and regulatory compliance. If our management systems, operational processes, or internal controls fail to scale efficiently with our growth, we could experience operational disruptions, reduced productivity, higher costs, customer dissatisfaction, delays in project execution, or difficulties integrating acquisitions and new business lines.

Added

In addition, our growth strategy depends on our ability to identify qualified employees, secure adequate financing when needed, establish effective management systems, maintain relationships with customers and strategic partners, and successfully execute our expansion plans. There can be no assurance that we will be able to achieve these objectives in a timely or cost-effective manner.

Added

Any failure to effectively manage our anticipated growth could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and the value of our common stock.

Added

Our future success depends on our ability to develop, maintain, and expand our operating platforms, technology offerings, and commercial relationships.

Added

Our growth strategy is centered on expanding our operating businesses and technology platforms, including EcoloopX’s electronic waste recycling and critical minerals recovery operations and NexaCore’s artificial intelligence and AI-enabled energy solutions. Our ability to compete successfully depends on our ability to continue developing these businesses, expand our service offerings, maintain strong customer and supplier relationships, attract strategic partners, and enhance our reputation in the markets we serve.

Added

We expect to continue investing in new technologies, operational capabilities, strategic acquisitions, and business development initiatives. There can be no assurance that these investments will achieve the anticipated commercial acceptance or generate the expected financial returns. Our customers may choose competing technologies or service providers, market demand may evolve differently than anticipated, or we may be unable to successfully commercialize new products or services.

Added

In addition, our reputation and market recognition are important to attracting customers, suppliers, strategic partners, and acquisition opportunities. Any deterioration in our reputation resulting from operational issues, cybersecurity incidents, product performance, regulatory matters, customer dissatisfaction, or negative publicity could adversely affect our ability to compete and grow.

Added

If we are unable to successfully expand our operating platforms, commercial capabilities, and market presence, our business, financial condition, results of operations, and future prospects could be materially adversely affected.

Added

Our operations depend on the availability of feedstock, equipment, components, logistics services, and third-party suppliers, and disruptions in our supply chain could adversely affect our business.

Added

Our subsidiaries, including EcoloopX and NexaCore Technologies, rely on a network of suppliers, logistics providers, equipment manufacturers, technology vendors, and service providers to support our operations. EcoloopX depends on the timely availability of electronic waste, end-of-life batteries, recyclable materials, processing equipment, warehouse facilities, transportation services, and related industrial supplies. NexaCore Technologies relies on cloud infrastructure providers, software vendors, hardware manufacturers, semiconductor suppliers, and other technology partners to develop and deliver its artificial intelligence and AI-enabled energy solutions.

Added

Our ability to meet customer demand depends on maintaining reliable sources of supply, accurately forecasting operational requirements, effectively managing inventory, coordinating logistics, and maintaining productive relationships with suppliers and business partners. Disruptions resulting from supplier capacity constraints, transportation delays, labor shortages, geopolitical events, natural disasters, inflation, tariffs, trade restrictions, cybersecurity incidents, or the financial instability of suppliers may increase costs, delay customer deliveries, postpone facility construction or equipment installation, interrupt manufacturing operations, or reduce product availability.

Added

In addition, as we expand our warehouse operations, manufacturing facilities, and processing capacity, we will need to effectively manage inventory levels, warehouse operations, procurement activities, and distribution networks. Failure to accurately forecast demand or effectively manage our supply chain could result in excess inventory, inventory shortages, increased operating costs, reduced margins, lost sales opportunities, or customer dissatisfaction.

Added

If we are unable to maintain a reliable and efficient supply chain or establish and preserve long-term relationships with key suppliers, equipment manufacturers, technology vendors, logistics providers, and feedstock suppliers, our business, financial condition, results of operations, and growth strategy could be materially adversely affected.

Removed

Our business depends on the continued success of our growing brand portfolio and if we fail to maintain and expand our brand portfolio, including our private label offerings, or maintain and enhance our brand recognition, our business, results of operations and prospects may be harmed.

Removed

We depend on our brand portfolio to scale our business, attract and retain our brand partners and customers. We have devoted significant resources to and incurred large amount of expenses on sourcing, maintaining, promoting and expanding our brands, we cannot assure you that these efforts will be successful. In addition, maintaining and enhancing the recognition of our brands are also key to our success, which could be affected by various factors, including the effectiveness of our brand marketing strategy, publicity about our business, quality of products offered under the brands as well as preference of consumers, certain of which are beyond our control. Any failure to maintain and expand our brand portfolio or maintain and enhance our brand recognition could have a material and adverse effect on our business, results of operations and prospects.

Removed

Our product supply chain is essential to our business and is subject to risks associated with demands, forecasting, timely supplying and warehousing, as well as maintaining relationship with our suppliers.

Removed

We largely depend on our supply chain management capabilities to minimize our inventory risks, maintain our short turnaround time and improve our operational efficiency. However, our demand forecast may not be accurate, which could result in inventory write-offs or inventory shortages. Even if we are able to make accurate demand forecast, our product supply chain may not be able to meet our demand on a timely basis due to unexpected reasons, including but not limited to delays in manufacturing. In addition, warehouses that we operate may not have sufficient capacity to process orders efficiently. Our ability to adequately store, maintain, and deliver our products is critical to our business. Keeping our food products frozen and/or refrigerated at specific temperatures maintains food safety. In the event of extended power outages, labor disruptions, natural disasters or other catastrophic occurrences, failures of the refrigeration systems in our third-party warehouses or delivery trucks, or other circumstances, our inability to store inventory at refrigerated and/or freezing temperatures could result in significant product inventory losses, as well as increased risk of food-borne illnesses and other food safety incidents. Improper handling or storage of food by a customer, without any involvement or fault of ours or our retail customers, could result in food-borne illnesses, which could result in negative publicity and harm to our brand and reputation. Further, we contract with third-party warehousing and logistics companies to conduct certain processes and operations on our behalf. Any failure by these business partners to adequately store, maintain, or transport our products could negatively impact the safety, quality and merchantability of our products and the experience of our customers. The occurrence of any of these risks could materially adversely affect our business, reputation, financial condition, and operating results.

Removed

Although we believe our supply chain has capacity to support our current operation, we cannot guarantee our supply chain will be adequate to support our expanded business in the future. Thus, if we fail to manage our supply chain in line with our business expansion, our business, prospects, financial condition and results of operations may suffer.

Added

Our business is subject to fluctuations in commodity prices, operating costs, and inflation, which could adversely affect our profitability and results of operations.

Added

Our operations are subject to changes in the prices of commodities, raw materials, energy, transportation, labor, and other operating inputs. EcoloopX’s recycling and black mass production business depends on the availability and cost of electronic waste, end-of-life batteries, processing equipment, utilities, warehouse facilities, transportation services, and skilled labor. The market value of recovered materials, including lithium, nickel, cobalt, copper, aluminum, graphite, and other critical minerals, may fluctuate significantly due to changes in global supply and demand, geopolitical developments, technological advancements, government policies, and macroeconomic conditions.

Added

NexaCore Technologies is also exposed to increases in operating costs associated with software development, cloud computing infrastructure, artificial intelligence platforms, data center services, semiconductor components, and highly skilled technical personnel. Inflationary pressures, wage increases, higher energy costs, increased interest rates, supply chain disruptions, or rising technology infrastructure costs may increase our operating expenses and reduce our operating margins.

Added

Our ability to maintain profitability depends, in part, on our ability to effectively manage costs, improve operational efficiency, negotiate favorable commercial terms with customers and suppliers, and adjust pricing when market conditions permit. Competitive market conditions, long-term customer contracts, or rapidly changing market dynamics may limit our ability to pass increased costs on to customers in a timely manner or at all.

Added

In addition, periods of sustained inflation, economic uncertainty, or recession may reduce customer capital expenditures, delay investment decisions, decrease demand for our products and services, and increase financing costs associated with our growth strategy. Conversely, significant declines in commodity prices may reduce the value of recovered materials produced by EcoloopX, negatively affecting revenue and profitability.

Added

If we are unable to effectively manage fluctuations in commodity prices, operating costs, inflationary pressures, or changing market conditions, our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and future growth prospects could be materially adversely affected.

Added

We have experienced a significant decline in revenue within our FuAn business segment, which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Added

A significant portion of the our total revenue is generated by a single customer, Golden Honest Trading Limited, which purchased waste recycled copper materials from EcoLoopX. Sales to this customer totaled $3.0 million, representing approximately 71% of the Company’s total revenue. The remaining 29% of total sales was contributed by six customers associated with the FuAn business segment, of which, two customers accounted for 13% of total sales, primarily from the import and distribution of frozen lamb from New Zealand and mochi products from Taiwan.

Added

Revenue within our FuAn business segment has recently declined significantly by 9% compared to fiscal year 2025. If we are unable to stabilize and recover the revenue in the FuAn segment, or if we lose Golden Honest Trading Limited, experience a reduction in their purchase volumes, or face adverse changes in their financial condition, our business will suffer. Our ability to generate sustainable revenue depends heavily on maintaining these relationships or rapidly diversifying our customer base and product lines, and we cannot assure you that we will be successful in doing so.

Reworded

The food and non-alcoholic beverage supply chain and distribution industry is characterized by relatively high inventory turnover with relatively low profit margins. Volatile food costs have a direct impact on our industry. During 2023,the previous years, our industry experienced significantly elevated commodity and supply chain costs including the cost of labor, sourced goods, energy, fuel and other inputs necessary for the distribution of food and non-alcoholic beverage products, and elevated levels of inflation may continue or worsen and contribute to loss of revenue and gross profit margin in particular product categories. Our business and results of operations may be adversely affected if we are unable to adjust to these rising cost and inflationary pressures.

Added

We have a limited operating history and face significant risks related to our new EcoloopX business strategy, including substantial capital requirements, facility construction and feedstock procurement challenges, commodity price volatility, regulatory compliance, and intense industry competition.

Added

EcoloopX is in the early stages of executing its business strategy. While management has identified significant opportunities within the electronic waste recycling and battery materials recovery industries, the Company’s operating history remains limited. There can be no assurance that EcoloopX will successfully execute its business plan, achieve projected revenue levels, or generate sustainable profitability.

Added

As such, our inability to execute on our proposed business plan may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

Added

Failure on the parts of recycling and processing partners to comply with applicable laws and regulation may disrupt e-waste reverse supply chain which may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition. Our planned expansion into the production of “black mass” will significantly increase our regulatory burden and direct operational risks.

Added

Electronic waste materials may be subject to federal, state, and international environmental and hazardous materials regulations. At present, EcoLoopX provides non-operational supply chain services and does not engage in any physical processing, dismantling, recycling, or hazardous materials handling. EcoLoopX currently functions as an asset-light supply chain integrator thatconnects upstream e-waste generators, such as electronics distributors, IT asset disposition providers, and enterprise users, with licensed downstream processors, recyclers, and refiners in the United States and Asia. As such, our current model relies on third-party licensed refiners, recycling and processing partners to comply with applicable laws and regulations, and for processors, recyclers and refiners in Asia, cross-border shipments of e-waste may be affected by export controls, customs requirements, or international environmental agreements. Failure on the parts of those refiners, recycling and processing partners to comply with applicable laws and regulation may disrupt e-waste reverse supply chain which may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

Added

In April 2026, the Company announced plans to expand EcoLoopX beyond supply chain integration to include the direct physical processing and production of “black mass.” These proposed operations involve the direct handling, storage, transportation, and processing of certain parts of lithium-ion batteries. These activities will subject us directly to complex federal, state, and local environmental and safety laws governing hazardous waste and chemical exposure. Securing and maintaining the necessary environmental permits for this expansion will require significant capital and time. Any failure to strictly comply with these regulatory frameworks could result in material fines, facility shutdowns, or remediation liabilities. Furthermore, future changes in environmental laws regarding battery disposal or black mass refining could force us to materially alter our processing operations, increasing our capital expenditures and delaying our timeline to operation.

Added

The economic value of recyclable materials is partially influenced by commodity prices such as copper, lithium, nickel, and cobalt.

Added

Our e-waste reverse supply chain business relies on the economic value of recyclable materials is partially influenced by commodity prices such as copper, lithium, nickel, and cobalt. Sharp fluctuations in copper, lithium, nickel, and cobalt prices may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

Added

Our ability to generate revenue depends on securing reliable sources of electronic waste materials.

Added

Our ability to generate revenue depends on securing reliable sources of electronic waste materials. Increased demand for e-waste recycling and high competition for raw materials can cause shortages, impacting operating capacity, and may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

Added

Growth of our EcoLoopX platform depends in part on the development of battery recycling and circular economy markets.

Showing the first 60 of 109 changed paragraphs. The complete comparison will be part of Pro (coming soon). Meanwhile you can read the full text in the original filing.

Management's Discussion & Analysis (MD&A) (10-K Item 7)

42new paragraphs
42removed paragraphs
27reworded paragraphs
8,163 → 7,376words in section

New heading “AI and Infrastructure Services”

New heading “Food and Beverage Services”

New heading “Recent Development”

New heading “Revenues from continuing operations”

New heading “Sales of Recyclable Materials (part of our E-Business Services)”

New heading “Costs of Revenues associated with continuing operations”

New heading “Revenues from continuing operations”

New heading “Cost of revenues associated with continuing operations”

New heading “Selling expenses associated with continuing operations”

New heading “Net loss from continuing operations”

New heading “Loss from discontinued operations”

New heading “Revenue from recyclable e-waste materials sales”

Removed heading “Sales of indoor home improvement products”

Removed heading “Costs of Revenues”

Removed heading “Cost of revenues”

Removed heading “Selling expenses”

Removed heading “Income tax provision”

Removed heading “Loan from third party”

Removed heading “Commitments and Contractual Obligations”

Removed heading “Revenue from sales of indoor home improvement products”

Largest changes (selected automatically by length and topic keywords; quoted verbatim, no commentary)

Reworded topics: tariff, china, taiwan, supply chain

Paragraph as it now reads, with added and removed wording marked:

Current uncertainties about increases in tariffs of imported products from countries may have an adverse effect on our operations. Throughout 2025 and into early 2026, the United States implemented expansive trade policy actions, significantly increasing import tariffs on a global scale. In AprilFebruary 2025,2026, the U.S. governmentSupreme increasedCourt import invalidated tariffs across a wide range of countries at various rates, includingpredicated on productthe importsInternational fromEmergency almostEconomic allPowers Act countries(IEEPA), ruling that such taxing authority rests with Congress. In response, the administration has transitioned to alternative statutory frameworks, such as Section 122, while continuing to maintain Section 232 and individualizedSection higher tariffs301 on certain countries.duties. Based on the tariffs enacted and currently in effect, we anticipate incurring incremental tariff costs, additional costs that we may incur on products shipped to our customers, and costs as a result of pauses on certain of our product imports, in particular products from China. We expect to offset the impact of the enacted tariffs on our revenues with supply chain adjustments, sources of supply or manufacturing locations, and additional cost savings actions. For our food and non-alcoholic beverage supply chain business, we have temporarily paused certain imports from China and are actively pursuing alternative sourcing strategies, including domestic suppliers and international partners in lower-risk regions. We are actively working with Costco and our other customers to introduce new products that are less sensitive to the tariff tensions between the U.S. and China. During the year ended April 30, 2026, we had two new food-supply vendors from Taiwan and New Zealand. However, if other additional tariffs are adopted, we would incur additional tariff costs that could be material. We are actively evaluating the potential impacts of these proposed tariffs, as well as our ability to mitigate their related impacts, this may affect our revenue and cost of revenues.
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Removed text topics: tariff, supply chain, inflation
“If tariffs escalate or global inflationary trends persist, our customers may face greater economic strain, which could in turn affect demand for our products. We remain focused on maintaining operational flexibility and adapting our supply chain to navigate these uncertainties and support long-term business performance. See “Risk Factors” under Part II, Item 1A of this report for more information.”
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New text topics: ai, supply chain, competition
“We face intense competition across all of our targeted operating segments. The big data AI platform sector is dominated by well-capitalized technology companies with established infrastructure and stable cooperations among partners, while the e-waste and battery recycling markets include both legacy processors and rapidly growing specialized firms with advanced or patented processing technologies. Similarly, the food and beverage supply chain industry is highly fragmented and competitive. …”
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Removed text topics: tariff, china
“We have temporarily paused certain imports from China and are actively pursuing alternative sourcing strategies, including domestic suppliers and international partners in lower-risk regions. In addition, trade-related disruptions—such as shipping delays, port congestion, or container shortages—can create further uncertainty and may require expedited shipping or last-minute procurement efforts at elevated cost. While these changes are intended to mitigate future exposure, they may result in near-term transitional costs, logistical inefficiencies, and supplier onboarding challenges. …”
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Reworded topics: tariff, china

Paragraph as it now reads, with added and removed wording marked:

During 2025 theand firstcontinuing quarterinto of 2025,2026, the United States has introduced trade policy actions that have increased import tariffs across a wide range of countries at various rates,rates. including onOur productcurrent imports from almost all countriesfood and individualizednon-alcohol higher tariffs on certain other countries, such as China. Some of these tariff announcements have since been followed by announcements of limited exemptions and temporary pauses. Ourbeverage business relies heavily on international supply chains and imported products, including food, non-alcoholic beverages, kitchen cabinets, flooring, and other home improvement goods.products. This dependence exposes us to risks associated with shifting global trade policies, tariffs, and geopolitical tensions, particularly in the Asia-Pacific region,tensions and could negatively impact affect our business in multiple ways, including increased costs of our products. These tariffs have introduced additional volatility into our procurement and logistics operations and may increase our cost of goods sold, particularly for our food and cabinetry product lines, which are more reliant on imports from affected regions.sold.
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Removed text topics: breach, interest rate
“On June 9, 2020, KZS entered into a loan agreement with KZ Kitchen Cabinet & Stone, Inc., an unrelated party whereby KZS borrowed $100,000, with an annual interest rate of 4.75% payable monthly, and the loan principal to be repaid at maturity on June 9, 2025. Upon a breach of the agreement, interest will accrue at a compound rate of 10% per annum and KZ Kitchen Cabinet & Stone, Inc., may declare the unpaid principal balance together with all accrued but unpaid interest thereon and all other sums owed to it under the agreement, immediately due and payable. …”
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Full comparison: every changed paragraph (111)

Green = added, red = removed. Unchanged paragraphs, 3 paragraphs where only numbers/dates changed, and tables are not shown. Read the complete text in the original filing.

Added

Marwynn Holdings, Inc., or “Marwynn,” was incorporated on February 27, 2024 in Nevada, as a holding company. We currently operate, or are developing operations, in three principal business areas: (i) electronic waste recycling (“E-waste Business”) through EcoLoopX Corporation (“EcoLoopX”); (ii) advanced artificial intelligence application development and related infrastructure solutions (“AI & Infrastructure Services”) through NexaCore Technologies, Inc. (“NexaCore”); and (iii) food and non-alcoholic beverage supply chain and brand management services through FuAn Enterprise, Inc. (“FuAn”).

Added

As part of our business diversification strategy, we incorporated EcoLoopX on November 25, 2025. Its current strategy is to develop direct e-waste recycling operations and the capability to produce “black mass,” an intermediate material derived from processed lithium-ion batteries that may contain recoverable metals such as lithium, nickel, cobalt and copper.

Added

On June 9, 2026, EcoLoopX hired Frank Xu as its sales director. Mr. Xu is responsible for diversifying EcoLoopX’s e-waste collection channels, developing corporate business-to-business electronic disposal networks, and supporting business development initiatives throughout the United States. Currently, EcoLoopX purchases scrapped copper from e-waste recycling plants for sale.

Added

AI and Infrastructure Services

Added

On March 27, 2026, we incorporated NexaCore to explore opportunities involving advanced artificial intelligence application development and related infrastructure solutions, which we refer to as our “AI & Infrastructure Services.” NexaCore remains in the development stage, and we are continuing to evaluate potential technologies, projects, commercial relationships and business models in this sector.

Added

Food and Beverage Services

Added

Through FuAn, we provide food and beverage supply chain and brand management services in the United States. FuAn was incorporated in California on April 18, 2016 and historically focused on sourcing authentic premium Asian foods, snacks and non-alcoholic beverages, distributing branded products in the U.S. market, and providing related brand management services.

Added

Beginning in early 2025, increased tariffs on goods imported from China adversely affected FuAn’s traditional sourcing model. In response, we began transitioning our product portfolio from imported Asian food and beverage products toward domestically sourced products. This transition remains ongoing.

Added

Recent Development

Removed

Marwynn Holdings, Inc. (“Marwynn” or the “Company”) was incorporated in the state of Nevada on February 27, 2024. The Company is a holding company with no material operations of its own, Marwynn conducts substantially all its operations through its wholly-owned subsidiaries FuAn Enterprise, Inc (“FuAn”) and Grand Forest Cabinetry Inc (“Grand Forest”).

Removed

FuAn was incorporated in the state of California on April 18, 2016. FuAn is a food and non-alcoholic beverage supply chain company that specializes in connecting businesses between different regions, particularly between Asia and the U.S. FuAn’s comprehensive supply chain services include the sourcing of Asian food, snacks, and non-alcoholic beverages, and distributing branded goods to mainstream markets, grocery stores and wholesale/warehouse clubs in the U.S. In addition, FuAn provides supply chain consulting, and market expansion support for businesses. With a focus on sourcing Asian foods and non-alcoholic beverages, FuAn aims at becoming a leading importer and distributor of premium Asian foods and non-alcoholic beverages to the U.S. markets.

Removed

Grand Forest was incorporated in the state of California on February 22, 2021. Grand Forest is an indoor home improvement supply chain provider that focus on providing high-quality kitchen cabinets, flooring, and home improvement products sourced from international suppliers. Grand Forest focuses on sourcing high-quality products from reliable overseas suppliers and distributing them to customers across the U.S.

Added

On October 27, 2025, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with Reli Home Décor Inc., a California corporation (the “Buyer”), solely for the purposes of selling all of the shares it owns in its wholly owned subsidiary, Grand Forest. On December 22, 2025, the Company completed the sale of all of its equity interests of Grand Forest to the Buyer. Following the sale of Grand Forest, the Company is no longer an indoor home improvement supply chain provider.

Added

On November 25, 2025, the Company incorporated EcoLoopX Corporation to explore and develop our E-waste Business. On June 9, 2026, the Company hired Frank Xu as Sales Director for EcoLoopX to focus on diversifying its e-waste collection channels, building out corporate B2B electronic disposal networks, and supporting business development initiatives throughout the United States.

Added

On March 27, 2026, the Company incorporated Nexacore Technologies, Inc. to explore and develop our business for AI & Infrastructure Services.

Reworded

During 2025 theand firstcontinuing quarterinto of 2025,2026, the United States has introduced trade policy actions that have increased import tariffs across a wide range of countries at various rates,rates. including onOur productcurrent imports from almost all countriesfood and individualizednon-alcohol higher tariffs on certain other countries, such as China. Some of these tariff announcements have since been followed by announcements of limited exemptions and temporary pauses. Ourbeverage business relies heavily on international supply chains and imported products, including food, non-alcoholic beverages, kitchen cabinets, flooring, and other home improvement goods.products. This dependence exposes us to risks associated with shifting global trade policies, tariffs, and geopolitical tensions, particularly in the Asia-Pacific region,tensions and could negatively impact affect our business in multiple ways, including increased costs of our products. These tariffs have introduced additional volatility into our procurement and logistics operations and may increase our cost of goods sold, particularly for our food and cabinetry product lines, which are more reliant on imports from affected regions.sold.

Added

As a result, for our Food and Beverage Services, we are actively pursuing alternative sourcing strategies and diversifying our supply base. During the quarter ended April 30, 2026, we had two primary vendors located in Taiwan and New Zealand. As we continue to try to expand our business operations and develop relationships with new suppliers and retail partners, we may encounter additional risks associated with supplier reliability, product quality control, logistics coordination, and regulatory compliance across multiple jurisdictions. Our expansion efforts may also require increased working capital, new operational infrastructure, and additional personnel, which could increase our operating expenses.

Added

As our growth strategy develops, we have reallocated its strategic emphasis toward an energy and technology-focused business. See “Risk Factors” for additional information.

Removed

We have temporarily paused certain imports from China and are actively pursuing alternative sourcing strategies, including domestic suppliers and international partners in lower-risk regions. In addition, trade-related disruptions—such as shipping delays, port congestion, or container shortages—can create further uncertainty and may require expedited shipping or last-minute procurement efforts at elevated cost. While these changes are intended to mitigate future exposure, they may result in near-term transitional costs, logistical inefficiencies, and supplier onboarding challenges. Diversifying our supply base can also increase production and transportation costs and introduce operational complexity. We are actively working with Costco and other retailers to introduce new products that are less sensitive to the tariff tensions between the U.S. and China. However, there can be no assurance that these efforts will be successful or that such measures will fully offset the challenges posed by current trade policies.

Removed

We are closely monitoring the fluid nature of proposed tariffs and any impact they may have on our operations and will continue to monitor macroeconomic conditions and evaluate the financial and operational impact of ongoing trade policy shifts. These risks could intensify depending on future developments and we are actively incorporating these considerations into our future operation planning, including assessing pricing actions, cost-control measures, and long-term sourcing strategies.

Removed

If tariffs escalate or global inflationary trends persist, our customers may face greater economic strain, which could in turn affect demand for our products. We remain focused on maintaining operational flexibility and adapting our supply chain to navigate these uncertainties and support long-term business performance. See “Risk Factors” under Part II, Item 1A of this report for more information.

Added

We face intense competition across all of our targeted operating segments. The big data AI platform sector is dominated by well-capitalized technology companies with established infrastructure and stable cooperations among partners, while the e-waste and battery recycling markets include both legacy processors and rapidly growing specialized firms with advanced or patented processing technologies. Similarly, the food and beverage supply chain industry is highly fragmented and competitive. We anticipate incurring significant upfront capital expenditures and operating expenses to build out our AI infrastructure and physical battery processing capabilities. Because these development cycles are highly capital-intensive and time-consuming, we do not anticipate generating material revenue or achieving substantial commercial milestones from these new business lines in the near term.

Added

‘

Added

Within the e-waste segment specifically, the e-waste reverse supply chain industry is highly competitive and includes established recycling companies, third-party logistics providers, environmental service firms, and specialized supply chain coordinators. Key participants range from large integrated waste management companies such as Waste Management, Inc. and Republic Services, Inc. to dedicated e-waste recyclers such as Sims Lifecycle Services. In addition, smaller regional operators and logistics-focused service providers compete for vendor relationships and compliance-driven contracts.

Removed

The supply chain industry is highly competitive, with a wide range of players offering various services such as logistics, transportation, warehousing, and distribution. Competitors range from large multinational corporations to small and medium-sized enterprises, each with their own strengths and capabilities. Supply chain disruptions often occur due to natural disasters or geopolitical events. We see talent shortage and skills gap in supply chain management. We also face regulatory compliance and trade restrictions. Security and data privacy are also concerns in global trade as well as fluctuations in exchange rates and raw material prices.

Removed

Competition for sale of food and beverage varies and includes market demand, supplier relationships, logistics and distribution, regulatory compliance and expanding into new markets. Satisfying diverse consumer preferences and staying ahead of trends are imperative.

Removed

The home remodeling business is highly competitive, fragmented, and evolving. As a result, competition for customers for our products and services from a variety of retailers, suppliers, service providers, and distributors and manufacturers that sell products directly to their respective customer bases. These competitors range from suppliers like us, to multi-channel, to exclusively online retailers. The internet facilitates competitive entry and increases the level of competition we face for customer experience, price transparency, quality, product availability and assortment, and delivery options.

Reworded

Current uncertainties about increases in tariffs of imported products from countries may have an adverse effect on our operations. Throughout 2025 and into early 2026, the United States implemented expansive trade policy actions, significantly increasing import tariffs on a global scale. In AprilFebruary 2025,2026, the U.S. governmentSupreme increasedCourt import invalidated tariffs across a wide range of countries at various rates, includingpredicated on productthe importsInternational fromEmergency almostEconomic allPowers Act countries(IEEPA), ruling that such taxing authority rests with Congress. In response, the administration has transitioned to alternative statutory frameworks, such as Section 122, while continuing to maintain Section 232 and individualizedSection higher tariffs301 on certain countries.duties. Based on the tariffs enacted and currently in effect, we anticipate incurring incremental tariff costs, additional costs that we may incur on products shipped to our customers, and costs as a result of pauses on certain of our product imports, in particular products from China. We expect to offset the impact of the enacted tariffs on our revenues with supply chain adjustments, sources of supply or manufacturing locations, and additional cost savings actions. For our food and non-alcoholic beverage supply chain business, we have temporarily paused certain imports from China and are actively pursuing alternative sourcing strategies, including domestic suppliers and international partners in lower-risk regions. We are actively working with Costco and our other customers to introduce new products that are less sensitive to the tariff tensions between the U.S. and China. During the year ended April 30, 2026, we had two new food-supply vendors from Taiwan and New Zealand. However, if other additional tariffs are adopted, we would incur additional tariff costs that could be material. We are actively evaluating the potential impacts of these proposed tariffs, as well as our ability to mitigate their related impacts, this may affect our revenue and cost of revenues.

Added

Revenues from continuing operations

Removed

Revenues

Reworded

We derive our revenues from (i) sale of food and beverage, (ii) saleconsulting of indoor home improvement products,services and (iii) consultingsale services.of recyclable e-waste materials, part of our E-Waste Business. The following table presents our revenuerevenues by product and service types and as percentage of our total revenues for the periods presented.

Reworded

Sales of food and beverage accounted for 5.63% 13.44% and 26.07%77.68% of total sales for the years ended April 30, 20252026 and 2024,2025, respectively. Sales of food and beverage decreased by $2,482,737 $54,478 or 79.89%8.72% from $3,107,583$624,846 for the year ended April 30, 20242025 to $624,846$570,368 for the year ended April 30, 30,2025.2026. The decrease in our sales was primarily due to significantlydecease reducedof the purchase orders from Costco, one of our largest customers, particularly in demand for White Rabbit ice cream.Costco. We are actively seeking new retailers and working with them to introduce new products that are less sensitive to the tariff tensions between the U.S. and China. We are also working with Costco on bringing more new products to their stores.

Removed

Sales of indoor home improvement products

Removed

Sales of indoor home improvement products accounted for 92.76% and 72.38% of total sales for the years ended April 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Sales of indoor home improvement products increased by $1,673,040, or 19.39% from $8,627,987 for the year ended April 30, 2024 to $10,301,027 for the year ended April 30, 2025. The increase in our sales was mainly due to the addition of new products and increased sales orders for cabinets as a result of our efforts to expand our wholesale business. For the year ended April 30, 2025, we had total sales orders of approximately 6,420 pieces, an increase of 1,712 sales orders or 36.36%, compared with 4,708 sales orders in the year ended April 30, 2024.

Reworded

Sales Revenue from consulting services accounted for 1.61% 15.85% and 1.55%22.32% of total revenues for the years ended April 30, 20252026 and 2024,2025, respectively. Revenue from consulting services decreased increased by $5,513,$493,011, or 2.98%274.68% from $185,000 for the year ended April 30, 2024 to $179,487 for the year ended April 30, 2025.2025 to $672,498 for the year ended April 30, 2026. We started our consulting services business in March 2024 through providing supply chain and brand management services proposals and solutions to customers to help them optimize their inventory management and product distribution strategy, to reduce delivery times, shipping costs and diversify distribution channels.

Added

Sales of Recyclable Materials (part of our E-Business Services)

Added

Revenue from sales of recyclable materials accounted for 70.71% and nil of total revenues for the years ended April 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively. Revenue from sales of recyclable materials increased by $3,000,000, or 100% from nil for the year ended April 30, 2025 to $3,000,000 for the year ended April 30, 2026. We started our recyclable service in January 2026 through focusing on coordination, sourcing, logistics management, documentation facilitation, vendor and partner engagement, and compliance support related to discarded electronic products.

Added

Costs of Revenues associated with continuing operations

Removed

Costs of Revenues

Reworded

We derive incur our costs from (i) sale of food and beverage, and (ii) saleconsulting of indoor home improvement products,services, and (iii) consultingsale services.of recyclable e-waste materials (part of our E-Business Services). The following table presents our costs of revenues as percentage of its corresponding revenue for the periods presented.

Reworded

Cost of revenues from sale of food and beverage decreased increased by $1,304,642,$218,541, or 79.67%65.64% from $1,637,583 for the year ended April 30, 2024, to $332,941 for the year ended April 30, 2025.2025, to $551,482 for the year ended April 30, 2026. Our cost of revenues from sale of food and beverage primarily includes inventory costs, storage and freight costs. The decreaseincrease in our cost of revenues for sale of food and beverage was mainly due to decreased sales volume resulting from decreasedhigher purchase orderscosts fromof Costco,food and webeverage did not have any orders from Costcoproducts for the year ended April 30, 2025 while we had 43 orders from Costco for the year ended April 30, 2024. We also had reduced storage fees and freight costs. The average purchase price for White Rabbit ice cream was $18.00 per case for the year ended April 30, 2024.2026.

Removed

Cost of revenues for sale of indoor home improvement products increased by $1,124,007, or 23.18%, from $4,849,898 for the year ended April 30, 2024, to $5,973,905 for the year ended April 30, 2025. Our cost of revenues from sale of indoor home improvement products primarily includes inventory costs, storage, freight costs, damaged product disposals and packaging. The increase in our cost of sales for sale of indoor home improvement products was mainly due to the increase in our sales despite having decreased inventory purchase price and freight costs. Average purchase price for cabinets was $100 — $110 each for the year ended April 30, 2025 compared with $100 — $110 each for the year ended April 30, 2024. Average purchase price for flooring was $32 per box for the year ended April 30, 2025 compared with $32 per box for the year ended April 30, 2024. Average purchase price for marble and quartz was approximately $20 less per piece in the year ended April 30, 2025 compared with April 30, 2024.

Added

Our cost of revenue from sale of recyclable materials was $2,912,621 and nil for the years ended April 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively. Our cost of revenues from sale of recyclable e-waste materials primarily consisted of purchasing recyclable materials.

Reworded

Comparison of the yearyears ended April 30, 20252026 and 20242025

Added

Revenues from continuing operations

Removed

Revenues

Reworded

Sales Revenues for the years ended April 30, 2025 2026 and 20242025 were $11,105,360$4,242,866 and $11,920,570,$804,333, respectively, aan decreaseincrease of $815,210$3,438,533 or 6.84%.427.50%. The decrease increase of sales in 2025revenues was primarily attributed to increased sale of recyclable e-waste materials by $3,000,000 and consulting services by $493,011, partially offset by decreased sale of food imports and distribution by $2,482,737 and decreased consulting services by $5,513, which was partly offset by increased indoor home improvement products by $1,673,040.$54,478.

Added

Cost of revenues associated with continuing operations

Removed

We imported and distributed new products with total revenue of $624,846 during the year ended April 30, 2025. We are working with a few large food distributers and vendors in Asia to bring more authentic premium Asia foods to the U.S.

Removed

We sold 38,567 cabinets with average selling price of $149.30 each during the year ended April 30, 2025 compared with 30,828 cabinets with average selling price of $171.28 each during the year ended April 30, 2024. We sold 5,516 boxes of flooring with average selling price of $44.69 per box during the year ended April 30, 2025 compared with 5,730 boxes of flooring with average selling price of $47.97 per box during the year ended April 30, 2024. We sold 9,325 pieces of engineered marble or quartz with average selling price of $187.87 per piece during the year ended April 30, 2025 compared with 5,782 pieces of quartz with average selling price of $229.57 per piece during the year ended April 30, 2024. Our average selling price decreased significantly during the year ended April 30, 2025, which was a result of our strategic change of our operations by focusing to develop wholesale customers starting from fiscal year 2024. Selling price to wholesale customers was significantly lower than the selling price to retail customers but the sales quantity for each order was usually larger.

Removed

Cost of revenues

Reworded

Cost of revenues for the yearyears ended April 30, 2025,2026 and 20242025 was $6,402,483$3,592,391 and $6,584,969,$428,578, respectively, aan decreaseincrease of $182,486$3,163,813 or 2.77%. 738.21%. The decreaseincrease in cost of revenues in 2025the same period of 2026 was primarily attributed to decreasedincreased cost from sale of recyclable e-waste materials by $2,912,621, or 100.00%, increased cost in sale of food and beverage by $1,304,642,$218,541, or 79.67%,65.64%, whichand was partly offset by increased cost fromin consulting indoor home improvement productsservice by $1,124,007$32,651, or 23.18%.34.14%. Cost of revenues for sale of food and beverage as a percentage of total revenues was 3.00% 13.00% and 13.74%,41.39%, respectively, for the years ended April 30, 20252026 and 2024.2025. Cost of revenues for indoorconsulting homeservices improvementas a percentage of total productsrevenues was 3.02% and 11.89%, respectively, for the years ended April 30, 2026 and 2025. Cost of revenues for sale of recyclable e-waste materials as a percentage of total revenues was 53.79%68.65% and 40.69%,nil, respectively, for the years ended April 30, 20252026 and 2024. Cost of revenues for consulting services as a percentage of total revenues was 0.86% and 0.82%, respectively, for the years ended April 30, 2025 and 2024.2025.

Reworded

Gross profit and gross margin associated with continuing operations

Reworded

The gross profit for the years ended April 30, 20252026 and 20242025 was $4,702,877$650,475 and $5,335,601,$375,755, respectively, aan decreaseincrease of $632,724$274,720 or 11.86%. 73.11%. The blended gross profit margin was 42.35%15.34% for 2025the year ended April 30, 2026 compared with 44.76%46.72% for 2024.the same period in 2025. Gross profit for sale of food and beverage decreased by 80.14% in 2025 due to decreased sales to Costco. Gross profit93.53% for salethe ofyear indoorended homeApril improvement30, products increased by 14.53% in 2025 due to our expansion of wholesale business, for which we offered more discounts to our wholesale customers.2026. Gross profit for consulting services decreasedincreased by 549.03% for the year ended April 30, 2026. Gross profit from the sale of recyclable materials increased by 4.18%100.0% for the year ended April 30, 2026, primarily driven by new business that commenced in 2025.January 2026.

Added

Selling expenses associated with continuing operations

Removed

Selling expenses

Reworded

Our selling expenses were 1,858,167 for the year ended April 30, 2025, as compared to $737,121$1,251,738 for the year ended April 30, 2024,2026, compared to $1,392,569 for the year ended April 30, 2025, representing a an increasedecrease of $1,121,046,$140,831, or 152.08%. 10.11%. The increasedecrease in the selling expenses was mainly due to (1) increaseddecreased payroll expenses of $100,000, or 100.00%, (2) decreased trade shows expenses of $30,479, or 100.00%, and (3) a slight decrease in advertising and marketing expenses of by $1,228,441$10,500, or 2,455.65%,0.83%. inThe decrease was no significant, as the Company maintained a constant level of spending on advertising, marketing, orderand consulting services to attractsupport new customers, increase our market share and improve operation efficiency, we entered a few consulting agreements for business development, market expansion, supply chain management, and strategic financial plan and support advisory services, and 2) increasedplanning. payroll expenses by $143,682 or 36.83% due to increased employees; which was partly offset by 1) decreased shipping expenses by $33,479 or 90.92% as compared to the same period in 2024 resulting from significantly decreased sales to Costco, and 2) decreased sales commission expenses by $224,488 or 99.52%. Selling expenses accounted for 16.73%29.50% and 6.18%173.13% of our total revenues for the years ended April 30, 2025 2026 and 2024,2025, respectively.

Reworded

General and administrative expenses associated with continuing operations

Added

Our general and administrative expenses were $2,678,602 for the year ended April 30, 2026, compared to $3,337,421 for the year ended April 30, 2025, reflecting a decrease of $658,821 or 19.74%. The decrease in general and administrative expenses was mainly due to decreased professional fee by $1,008,073 or 37.99% as compared to the same period of 2025, resulting from decreased consulting expenses for financial advisory services, decreased travel expense by $78,943 or 94.36%, decreased meal and entertainment expenses by 44,633 or 99.96%, decreased subcontract labor cost by $32,500 or 100.00%, and decreased payroll expenses by $104,470 or 59.91%, which was mainly from decreased gross pay of one of employees of FuAn. The decreased general administrative expenses were partly offset by increased legal expense related to disposal of subsidiary by $357,212 or 1,378.35%, increased rent expense by $78,988 or 105.77% resulting from new office lease of Marwynn, increased director compensation expense by $64,857 or 41.76%, and increased insurance expenses by $82,749, or 217.32%, which was mainly due to increased directors and officers insurance expenses. General and administrative expenses accounted for 63.13% and 414.93% of our total revenues for the years ended April 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively.

Removed

Our general and administrative expenses were $7,210,243 for the year ended April 30, 2025, as compared to $3,207,995 for the year ended April 30, 2024, reflecting an increase of $4,002,248 or 124.76%. The increase in general and administrative expenses included increased payroll expense, professional fee, rent expenses, depreciation and amortization, travel expense, bad debt expense, insurance expense and meal and entertainment expenses, which was partly offset by decreased products testing fee.

Showing the first 60 of 111 changed paragraphs. The complete comparison will be part of Pro (coming soon). Meanwhile you can read the full text in the original filing.

What changed in the latest 10-Q

Comparing 10-Q filed 2026-09-14 (period ending 2026-07-31) with 10-Q filed 2026-03-17 (period ending 2026-01-31).

Risk Factors (10-Q Part II, Item 1A)

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6removed paragraphs
1reworded paragraphs
575 → 185words in section

The section in the latest 10-Q reads in full:

An investment in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risk factors set forth in the section captioned “Risk Factors” in our 2026 Annual Report filed with the SEC on July 30, 2026 before making an investment decision. If any of the risks actually occur, our business, financial condition or results of operations could suffer. In that case, the trading price of our common stock could decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment. You should read the section captioned “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” above for a discussion of what types of statements are forward-looking statements, as well as the significance of such statements in the context of this Report. The risks described in the 2026 Annual Report are not the only risks facing our Company. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial may also materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or future results. Except as set forth below, there have been no material changes to our previously reported risk factors.

Removed heading “The Company may be delisted from the Nasdaq.”

Largest changes (selected automatically by length and topic keywords; quoted verbatim, no commentary)

Removed text topics: delist, restructuring, liquidity
“If the Company’s common stock is delisted from NASDAQ, the Company expects that its common stock would begin trading on the over-the-counter markets. The delisting of the Company’s common stock could result in a reduction in its trading price and would substantially limit the liquidity of the Company’s common stock. In addition, delisting could materially adversely impact the Company’s ability to raise capital or pursue strategic restructuring, refinancing or other transactions. …”
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Removed text topics: delist
“The Company may be delisted from the Nasdaq.”
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Removed text topics: delist
“The Company believes that it will regain compliance and meet NASDAQ’s continued listing requirements. No assurances, however, can be given that the Company will be able to regain compliance, and continue to satisfy these requirements as some of these requirements are outside of the Company’s direct control, such as the bid price of its common stock, the number of holders of its common stock and the value of its publicly held shares. If the Company is unable to meet these requirements, NASDAQ may take action to delist the Company’s common stock. …”
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“On January 29, 2026, Marwynn Holdings, Inc. (the “Company”) received a written notice (the “Notice”) from the Nasdaq Listing Qualifications Department of The Nasdaq Stock Market (“Nasdaq”), indicating that the Company is not in compliance with the minimum bid price requirement of $1.00 per share under the Nasdaq Listing Rules (the “Listing Rules”). …”
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“In order to maintain the listing of the Company’s common stock on the Nasdaq, the Company’s common stock must comply with certain continued listing requirements, including having:”
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An investment in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risk factors set forth in the section captioned “Risk Factors” in our Form2026 10-KAnnual Report filed with the SEC on AugustJuly 8,30, 20252026 before making an investment decision. If any of the risks actually occur, our business, financial condition or results of operations could suffer. In that case, the trading price of our common stock could decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment. You should read the section captioned “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” above for a discussion of what types of statements are forward-looking statements, as well as the significance of such statements in the context of this Report. The risks described in the Registration2026 StatementAnnual Report are not the only risks facing our Company. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial may also materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or future results. Except as set forth below, there have been no material changes to our previously reported risk factors.
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Reworded

An investment in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risk factors set forth in the section captioned “Risk Factors” in our Form2026 10-KAnnual Report filed with the SEC on AugustJuly 8,30, 20252026 before making an investment decision. If any of the risks actually occur, our business, financial condition or results of operations could suffer. In that case, the trading price of our common stock could decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment. You should read the section captioned “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” above for a discussion of what types of statements are forward-looking statements, as well as the significance of such statements in the context of this Report. The risks described in the Registration2026 StatementAnnual Report are not the only risks facing our Company. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial may also materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or future results. Except as set forth below, there have been no material changes to our previously reported risk factors.

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The Company may be delisted from the Nasdaq.

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On January 29, 2026, Marwynn Holdings, Inc. (the “Company”) received a written notice (the “Notice”) from the Nasdaq Listing Qualifications Department of The Nasdaq Stock Market (“Nasdaq”), indicating that the Company is not in compliance with the minimum bid price requirement of $1.00 per share under the Nasdaq Listing Rules (the “Listing Rules”). Based on the closing bid price of the Company’s listed securities for the last 30 consecutive business days from December 15, 2025 to January 28, 2026, the Company no longer meets the minimum bid price requirement set forth in the Listing Rules 5550(a)(2). The Notice is only a notification of deficiency and has no current effect on the listing or trading of the Company’s securities on the Nasdaq Capital Market.

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In order to maintain the listing of the Company’s common stock on the Nasdaq, the Company’s common stock must comply with certain continued listing requirements, including having:

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The Company must also meet at least one of the following continued listing standards:

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The Company believes that it will regain compliance and meet NASDAQ’s continued listing requirements. No assurances, however, can be given that the Company will be able to regain compliance, and continue to satisfy these requirements as some of these requirements are outside of the Company’s direct control, such as the bid price of its common stock, the number of holders of its common stock and the value of its publicly held shares. If the Company is unable to meet these requirements, NASDAQ may take action to delist the Company’s common stock. In such a case, the Company may appeal NASDAQ’s determination to delist its common stock, but such appeal may not be successful.

Removed

If the Company’s common stock is delisted from NASDAQ, the Company expects that its common stock would begin trading on the over-the-counter markets. The delisting of the Company’s common stock could result in a reduction in its trading price and would substantially limit the liquidity of the Company’s common stock. In addition, delisting could materially adversely impact the Company’s ability to raise capital or pursue strategic restructuring, refinancing or other transactions. Delisting from NASDAQ could also have other negative results, including the potential loss of confidence by institutional investors.

Management's Discussion & Analysis (MD&A) (10-Q Part I, Item 2)

33new paragraphs
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New heading “Use of Certain Defined Terms”

New heading “E-Waste Business”

New heading “AI and Infrastructure Services”

New heading “Food and Beverage Services”

New heading “Corporate Reorganization and Discontinued Home Improvement Business”

New heading “Recent Events and Developments”

New heading “Revenues from continuing operations”

New heading “Revenues from continuing operations”

New heading “Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities”

Removed heading “Net income (loss) from continuing operations”

Removed heading “Net loss from discontinued operations”

Removed heading “Net income (loss)”

Removed heading “Nine Months Ended January 31, 2026 compared to Nine Months Ended January 31, 2025”

Removed heading “Sales of food and beverage”

Removed heading “Consulting services”

Removed heading “Sales of recyclable materials”

Removed heading “Costs of Revenues associated with continuing operations”

Removed heading “Results of Operations”

Removed heading “Comparison of the nine months ended January 31, 2026 and 2025”

Removed heading “Cost of revenues associated with continuing operations”

Removed heading “Gross profit and gross margin associated with continuing operations”

Removed heading “Selling expenses associated with continuing operations”

Removed heading “General and administrative expenses associated with continuing operations”

Removed heading “Other income (expenses), net”

Removed heading “Net cash used in investing activities”

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Removed text topics: litigation, tariff, china, supply chain
“During 2025 and continuing into 2026, the United States has introduced trade policy actions that have increased import tariffs across a wide range of countries at various rates, including on product imports from almost all countries and individualized higher tariffs on certain other countries, such as China. Some of these tariff announcements have since been followed by announcements of limited exemptions and temporary pauses. In February 2026, the U.S. …”
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ForAs a result, for our foodFood and non-alcoholicBeverage beverageServices, supply chain business, we have temporarily paused certain imports from China and are actively pursuing alternative sourcing strategies, including domestic suppliers and international partners in lower-risk regions. While we have temporarily paused imports from China, future sourcing decisions may change depending on market conditions, supplier availability,strategies and trade policies. In addition, trade-related disruptions—such as shipping delays, port congestion, or container shortages—can create further uncertainty and may require expedited shipping or last-minute procurement efforts at elevated cost. While these changes are intended to mitigate future exposure, they may result in near-term transitional costs, logistical inefficiencies, and supplier onboarding challenges. Diversifyingdiversifying our supply base can also increase production and transportation costs and introduce operational complexity.base. During the quarter ended JanuaryJuly 31, 2026, we had twoone primary vendorsvendor located in Taiwanthe and New Zealand.U.S. As we continue to try to expand our business operations and develop relationships with new suppliers and retail partners, we may encounter additional risks associated with supplier reliability, product quality control, logistics coordination, and regulatory compliance across multiple jurisdictions. Our expansion efforts may also require increased working capital, new operational infrastructure, and additional personnel, which could increase our operating expenses. We are actively working with Costco and other retailers to introduce new products that are less sensitive to the tariff tensions between the U.S. and China. However, there can be no assurance that these efforts will be successful or that such measures will fully offset the challenges posed by current trade policies.
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Reworded topics: tariff, china, taiwan

Paragraph as it now reads, with added and removed wording marked:

CurrentUncertainty uncertainties about increases inregarding tariffs ofon imported products from countriesand changes in U.S. trade policies may have an adverse effect on our operations. ThroughoutTariffs 2025may increase our procurement costs and intodisrupt earlyour 2026,supply thechain, United States implemented expansive trade policy actions, significantly increasing import tariffs on a global scale. In February 2026, the U.S. Supreme Court invalidated tariffs predicated on the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA), ruling that such taxing authority restsparticularly with Congress. In response, the administration has transitionedrespect to alternative statutory frameworks, such as Section 122, while continuing to maintain Section 232 and Section 301 duties. Based on the tariffs enacted and currently in effect, we anticipate incurring incremental tariff costs, additional costs that we may incur on products shipped to our customers, and costs as a result of pauses on certain of our product imports, in particular productssourced from China. We expectare seeking to mitigate these effects through alternative sourcing arrangements and other cost-saving measures, although these efforts may not fully offset the impactincreased ofcosts the enacted tariffs on our revenues withor supply chain adjustments, sources of supply or manufacturing locations, and additional cost savings actions.disruptions. For our food and non-alcoholic beverage supply chain business, we have temporarily paused certain imports from China and are actively pursuing alternative sourcing strategies, including domestic suppliers and international partners in lower-risk regions. We are actively working with Costco and our other customers to introduce new products that are less sensitive to the tariff tensions between the U.S. and China. During the quarter ended JanuaryJuly 31, 2026, we had twoadded one new food-supply vendorsvendor from Taiwanthe and New Zealand.U.S. However, if other additional tariffs are adopted, we would incur additional tariff costs that could be material. We are actively evaluating thechanges potentialin impactstariffs of these proposed tariffs, as well asand our ability to mitigate their relatedeffects impacts, this may affecton our revenue and cost of revenues.
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Removed text topics: tariff, supply chain, inflation
“If tariffs escalate or global inflationary trends persist, our customers may face greater economic strain, which could in turn affect demand for our products. We remain focused on maintaining operational flexibility and adapting our supply chain to navigate these uncertainties and support long-term business performance. See “Risk Factors” discussed in our 2024 Annual Report, for additional information.”
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New text topics: ai, supply chain, competition
“We face intense competition across all of our targeted operating segments. The big data AI platform sector is dominated by well-capitalized technology companies with established infrastructure and stable cooperations among partners, while the e-waste and battery recycling markets include both legacy processors and rapidly growing specialized firms with advanced or patented processing technologies. Similarly, the food and beverage supply chain industry is highly fragmented and competitive. …”
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New text topics: fine
“Use of Certain Defined Terms”
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Use of Certain Defined Terms

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Unless otherwise indicated or the context otherwise requires and for purposes of this report only, references to:

Added

Unless we indicate otherwise or unless the context otherwise requires, all information in this report reflects the adjustment for the (i) 1.55-for-1 forward stock split of our common stock effected on September 9, 2024, and (ii) 4.5-for-1 forward stock split of our Series A Super Voting Preferred Stock effected on September 9, 2024 for the purpose of our initial public offering.

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Overview

Added

Marwynn Holdings, Inc., or “Marwynn,” was incorporated on February 27, 2024 in Nevada, as a holding company. We currently operate, or are developing operations, in three principal business areas: (i) electronic waste recycling (“E-waste Business”) through EcoLoopX Corporation (“EcoLoopX”); (ii) advanced artificial intelligence application development and related infrastructure solutions (“AI & Infrastructure Services”) through NexaCore Technologies, Inc. (“NexaCore”); and (iii) food and non-alcoholic beverage supply chain and brand management services through FuAn Enterprise, Inc. (“FuAn”).

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E-Waste Business

Added

As part of our business diversification strategy, we incorporated EcoLoopX on November 25, 2025. Its current strategy is to develop direct e-waste recycling operations and the capability to produce “black mass,” an intermediate material derived from processed lithium-ion batteries that may contain recoverable metals such as lithium, nickel, cobalt and copper.

Added

On June 9, 2026, EcoLoopX hired Frank Xu as its sales director. Mr. Xu is responsible for diversifying EcoLoopX’s e-waste collection channels, developing corporate business-to-business electronic disposal networks, and supporting business development initiatives throughout the United States. Currently, EcoLoopX purchases scrapped copper from e-waste recycling plants for sale.

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EcoLoopX’s proposed E-waste Business includes:

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AI and Infrastructure Services

Added

On March 27, 2026, we incorporated NexaCore to explore opportunities involving advanced artificial intelligence application development and related infrastructure solutions, which we refer to as our “AI and Infrastructure Services.” NexaCore remains in the development stage, and we are continuing to evaluate potential technologies, projects, commercial relationships and business models in this sector. As a part of this initiative, we intend to engage in the following:

Added

As of the date of this filing, our AI and Infrastructure Services are in the exploration and development stage and are not yet fully operational.

Added

Food and Beverage Services

Added

Through FuAn, we provide food and beverage supply chain and brand management services in the United States. FuAn was incorporated in California on April 18, 2016 and historically focused on sourcing authentic premium Asian foods, snacks and non-alcoholic beverages, distributing branded products in the U.S. market, and providing related brand management services.

Added

Beginning in early 2025, increased tariffs on goods imported from China adversely affected FuAn’s traditional sourcing model. In response, we began transitioning our product portfolio from imported Asian food and beverage products toward domestically sourced products. This transition remains ongoing. The Company continues to operate its traditional international trading business; however, it has reallocated its strategic emphasis toward an energy-focused business.

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Corporate Reorganization and Discontinued Home Improvement Business

Added

Prior to the reorganization described below, our business was operated by the following entities: (1) FuAn, which was incorporated in the state of California on April 18, 2016, and is primarily engaged in sourcing authentic premium Asian foods, snacks and non-alcoholic beverages, distributing the branded goods in the U.S. market, and providing brand management services; and (2) Grand Forest Cabinetry Inc (“Grand Forest”), incorporated in the state of California on February 22, 2021, and KZS Kitchen Cabinet & Stone Inc (“KZS”), incorporated in the state of California on October 11, 2018 and merged with and into Grand Forest on June 1, 2024. Following the merger, all of the home improvement business were conducted under Grand Forest, which was engaged in the sale of high-quality indoor home improvement products sourced from international suppliers.

Added

On April 29, 2024, Yin Yan (our chairperson, chief executive officer and president, and spouse of Fulai Wang), Fubao Wang, Xiangjing Wu, Gang Wu, Dan Yu, and Qiang Zhang, as the stockholders of FuAn, entered into a share exchange agreement with Marwynn to transfer all of their ownership in FuAn for 7,399,080 shares of common stock of Marwynn (“FuAn Transaction”). On April 25, 2024, Hong Le Liang, Sen Zhong (spouse of Zhifen Zhou, our former chief financial officer, secretary and director) and Fu Lai Wang (spouse of Yin Yan, our chairperson, chief executive officer and president), as the stockholders of Grand Forest, entered into a share exchange agreement with Marwynn to transfer all of their ownership in Grand Forest for 4,976,244 shares of common stock of Marwynn (“Grand Forest Transaction”). On April 25, 2024, Hong Le Liang and Jiechun Wu, as the stockholders of KZS, entered into a share exchange agreement with Marwynn to transfer all of their ownership in KZS for 2,132,676 shares of common stock of Marwynn (“KZS Transaction”). On April 30, 2024, the FuAn Transaction, Grand Forest Transaction and KZS Transaction closed, and Marwynn issued a total of 14,508,004 shares of its common stock to the stockholders of FuAn, Grand Forest and KZS. As a result of the share exchanges, all the stockholders of FuAn, Grand Forest and KZS became the stockholders of Marwynn and Marwynn became the parent of FuAn, Grand Forest and KZS (the “Reorganization”).

Added

In an effort to consolidate the operation of the home improvement business, on June 1, 2024, KZS merged with and into Grand Forest with Grand Forest being the surviving entity (the “Merger”). Following the Merger, all of the home improvement business was housed under Grand Forest. Grand Forest remained a wholly-owned subsidiary of Marwynn until its sale in 2025.

Removed

Marwynn Holdings, Inc. (“Marwynn” or the “Company”) was incorporated in the state of Nevada, United States of America (“USA”) on February 27, 2024. The Company is a holding company with no material operations of its own, Marwynn conducts substantially all its operations through its wholly-owned subsidiaries.

Removed

FuAn Enterprise, Inc (“FuAn”), a subsidiary of Marwynn, was incorporated in the state of California on April 18, 2016. FuAn is a food and non-alcoholic beverage supply chain company that specializes in connecting businesses between different regions, particularly between Asia and the U.S. FuAn’s comprehensive supply chain services include the sourcing of Asian food, snacks, and non-alcoholic beverages, and distributing branded goods to mainstream markets, grocery stores and wholesale/warehouse clubs in the U.S. In addition, FuAn provides supply chain consulting, and market expansion support for businesses. With a focus on sourcing Asian foods and non-alcoholic beverages, FuAn aims at becoming a leading importer and distributor of premium Asian foods and non-alcoholic beverages to the U.S. markets.

Reworded

On October 27, 2025, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with Reli Home Décor Inc., a California corporation (the “Buyer”), solely for the purposes of selling all of the shares it owns in its wholly owned subsidiary, Grand Forest. On December 22, 2025, the Company completed the sale of all of its equity interests of Grand Forest Cabinetry Inc. (“Grand Forest”) to athe third-party buyer.Buyer. Following the sale of Grand Forest, the Company is no longer an indoor home improvement supply chain provider.

Added

Recent Events and Developments

Added

On October 27, 2025, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with Reli Home Décor Inc., a California corporation (the “Buyer”), solely for the purposes of selling all of the shares it owns in its wholly owned subsidiary, Grand Forest Cabinetry Inc., a California corporation (“Grand Forest”). Grand Forest is engaged in the business of indoor home improvement supply chain management. On December 22, 2025, the Company completed the sale of all of its equity interests of Grand Forest to the Buyer. Following the sale of Grand Forest, the Company is no longer an indoor home improvement supply chain provider.

Added

On November 25, 2025, the Company incorporated EcoLoopX Corporation to explore and develop our E-waste Business. On June 9, 2026, the Company hired Frank Xu as Sales Director for EcoLoopX to focus on diversifying its e-waste collection channels, building out corporate B2B electronic disposal networks, and supporting business development initiatives throughout the United States.

Added

On March 27, 2026, the Company incorporated Nexacore Technologies, Inc. to explore and develop our business for AI & Infrastructure Services.

Removed

On November 19, 2025, the board of directors approved the formation of a wholly owned subsidiary to operate within the electronic waste supply chain business (“E-Waste Reverse Supply Chain Business”). The subsidiary, EcoLoopX Corporation, was incorporated in the state of California on November 25, 2025, and provides non-operational supply chain services. It does not engage in any physical processing, dismantling, recycling, or hazardous materials handling. Instead, its activities are limited to coordination, sourcing, logistics management, documentation facilitation, vendor and partner engagement, and compliance support. The Company believes that concentrating its resources in the food and beverage and expanding into the e-waste reverse supply chain business sector will better align with its long-term growth objectives and enhance its ability to capture emerging market opportunities.

Removed

On February 10, 2026, we issued a press release announcing the signing of a non-binding Letter of Intent (“LOI”) to acquire a 51% equity interest in DJ Mex Corp. (“DJ Mex”), a U.S.-based operator specializing in electronic-waste sourcing, logistics coordination, and recyclable materials trading. Following our due diligence, in March 2026, the Company decided not to pursue the acquisition of DJ Mex.

Added

During 2025 and continuing into 2026, the United States has introduced trade policy actions that have increased import tariffs across a wide range of countries at various rates. Our current food and non-alcohol beverage business relies on international supply chains and imported products. This dependence exposes us to risks associated with shifting global trade policies, tariffs, and geopolitical tensions and may increase our cost of goods sold.

Removed

During 2025 and continuing into 2026, the United States has introduced trade policy actions that have increased import tariffs across a wide range of countries at various rates, including on product imports from almost all countries and individualized higher tariffs on certain other countries, such as China. Some of these tariff announcements have since been followed by announcements of limited exemptions and temporary pauses. In February 2026, the U.S. Supreme Court invalidated tariffs predicated on the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA), ruling that such taxing authority rests with Congress. In response, the administration has transitioned to alternative statutory frameworks, such as Section 122, while continuing to maintain Section 232 and Section 301 duties. This shifting landscape remains characterized by a complex series of temporary surcharges, targeted exemptions, and ongoing litigation regarding importer refunds. Our current food and non-alcohol beverage business relies heavily on international supply chains and imported products. This dependence exposes us to risks associated with shifting global trade policies, tariffs, and geopolitical tensions, particularly in the Asia-Pacific region, and could negatively impact affect our business in multiple ways, including increased costs of our products. These tariffs have introduced additional volatility into our procurement and logistics operations and may increase our cost of goods sold.

Reworded

ForAs a result, for our foodFood and non-alcoholicBeverage beverageServices, supply chain business, we have temporarily paused certain imports from China and are actively pursuing alternative sourcing strategies, including domestic suppliers and international partners in lower-risk regions. While we have temporarily paused imports from China, future sourcing decisions may change depending on market conditions, supplier availability,strategies and trade policies. In addition, trade-related disruptions—such as shipping delays, port congestion, or container shortages—can create further uncertainty and may require expedited shipping or last-minute procurement efforts at elevated cost. While these changes are intended to mitigate future exposure, they may result in near-term transitional costs, logistical inefficiencies, and supplier onboarding challenges. Diversifyingdiversifying our supply base can also increase production and transportation costs and introduce operational complexity.base. During the quarter ended JanuaryJuly 31, 2026, we had twoone primary vendorsvendor located in Taiwanthe and New Zealand.U.S. As we continue to try to expand our business operations and develop relationships with new suppliers and retail partners, we may encounter additional risks associated with supplier reliability, product quality control, logistics coordination, and regulatory compliance across multiple jurisdictions. Our expansion efforts may also require increased working capital, new operational infrastructure, and additional personnel, which could increase our operating expenses. We are actively working with Costco and other retailers to introduce new products that are less sensitive to the tariff tensions between the U.S. and China. However, there can be no assurance that these efforts will be successful or that such measures will fully offset the challenges posed by current trade policies.

Added

As our growth strategy develops, we have reallocated our strategic emphasis toward an energy and technology-focused business. See “Risk Factors” for additional information.

Removed

We continue monitoring the fluid nature of proposed tariffs and any impact they may have on our operations and will continue to monitor macroeconomic conditions and evaluate the financial and operational impact of ongoing trade policy shifts. These risks could intensify depending on future developments and we are actively incorporating these considerations into our future operation planning, including assessing pricing actions, cost-control measures, and long-term sourcing strategies.

Removed

If tariffs escalate or global inflationary trends persist, our customers may face greater economic strain, which could in turn affect demand for our products. We remain focused on maintaining operational flexibility and adapting our supply chain to navigate these uncertainties and support long-term business performance. See “Risk Factors” discussed in our 2024 Annual Report, for additional information.

Removed

We are also entering the E-Waste Reverse Supply Chain Business, which focuses on coordination, sourcing, logistics management, documentation facilitation, vendor and partner engagement, and compliance support related to discarded electronic products. The Company will not engage in any physical processing, dismantling, recycling, or hazardous materials handling. Although we will not handle e-waste directly, this business line may still be subject to evolving environmental regulations, data security laws, and global commodity pricing pressures. We are actively evaluating operational and regulatory risks, and exploring long-term strategies for scalable and compliant growth in this area.

Added

We face intense competition across all of our targeted operating segments. The big data AI platform sector is dominated by well-capitalized technology companies with established infrastructure and stable cooperations among partners, while the e-waste and battery recycling markets include both legacy processors and rapidly growing specialized firms with advanced or patented processing technologies. Similarly, the food and beverage supply chain industry is highly fragmented and competitive. We anticipate incurring significant upfront capital expenditures and operating expenses to build out our AI infrastructure and physical battery processing capabilities. Because these development cycles are highly capital-intensive and time-consuming, we do not anticipate generating material revenue or achieving substantial commercial milestones from these new business lines in the near term.

Removed

The supply chain industry is highly competitive, with a wide range of players offering various services such as logistics, transportation, warehousing, and distribution. Competitors range from large multinational corporations to small and medium-sized enterprises, each with their own strengths and capabilities. Supply chain disruptions often occur due to natural disasters or geopolitical events. We see talent shortage and skills gap in supply chain management. We also face regulatory compliance and trade restrictions. Security and data privacy are also concerns in global trade as well as fluctuations in exchange rates and raw material prices.

Removed

Competition for sale of food and beverages varies and includes market demand, supplier relationships, logistics and distribution, regulatory compliance and expanding into new markets. Satisfying diverse consumer preferences and staying ahead of trends are imperative.

Reworded

TheWithin the e-waste segment specifically, the e-waste reverse supply chain industry is highly competitive and includes established recycling companies, third-party logistics providers, environmental service firms, and specialized supply chain coordinators. Key participants range from large integrated waste management companies such as Waste Management, Inc. and Republic Services, Inc. to dedicated e-waste recyclers such as Sims Lifecycle Services. In addition, smaller regional operators and logistics-focused service providers compete for vendor relationships and compliance-driven contracts.

Reworded

CurrentUncertainty uncertainties about increases inregarding tariffs ofon imported products from countriesand changes in U.S. trade policies may have an adverse effect on our operations. ThroughoutTariffs 2025may increase our procurement costs and intodisrupt earlyour 2026,supply thechain, United States implemented expansive trade policy actions, significantly increasing import tariffs on a global scale. In February 2026, the U.S. Supreme Court invalidated tariffs predicated on the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA), ruling that such taxing authority restsparticularly with Congress. In response, the administration has transitionedrespect to alternative statutory frameworks, such as Section 122, while continuing to maintain Section 232 and Section 301 duties. Based on the tariffs enacted and currently in effect, we anticipate incurring incremental tariff costs, additional costs that we may incur on products shipped to our customers, and costs as a result of pauses on certain of our product imports, in particular productssourced from China. We expectare seeking to mitigate these effects through alternative sourcing arrangements and other cost-saving measures, although these efforts may not fully offset the impactincreased ofcosts the enacted tariffs on our revenues withor supply chain adjustments, sources of supply or manufacturing locations, and additional cost savings actions.disruptions. For our food and non-alcoholic beverage supply chain business, we have temporarily paused certain imports from China and are actively pursuing alternative sourcing strategies, including domestic suppliers and international partners in lower-risk regions. We are actively working with Costco and our other customers to introduce new products that are less sensitive to the tariff tensions between the U.S. and China. During the quarter ended JanuaryJuly 31, 2026, we had twoadded one new food-supply vendorsvendor from Taiwanthe and New Zealand.U.S. However, if other additional tariffs are adopted, we would incur additional tariff costs that could be material. We are actively evaluating thechanges potentialin impactstariffs of these proposed tariffs, as well asand our ability to mitigate their relatedeffects impacts, this may affecton our revenue and cost of revenues.

Reworded

Three Months Ended JanuaryJuly 31, 2026 compared to Three Months Ended JanuaryJuly 31, 2025

Added

Revenues from continuing operations

Reworded

We derive our revenues from (i) sale of food and beverage, (ii) consulting services,services and (iii) sale of recyclable e-waste materials.materials, part of our E-Waste Business. The following table presents our revenues by product and service types and as percentage of our total revenues for the periods presented.

Reworded

ThereSales were $340,192 and $579,960 from sales of food and beverage accounted for 41.27% and nil of total sales for the three months ended JanuaryJuly 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. We are actively seeking new retailers and working with them to introduce new products that are less sensitive to the tariff tensions between the U.S. and China.

Removed

We also plan to increase our revenue by diversifying our markets from major mass market channels to ethnic supermarkets chains. In addition, we already finished the setup process to become a vendor to some major food distributors. Our decision of disposing Grand Forest is to maximize the efficiency and profitability of its existing business of supply chain consulting, and supply chain services of sourcing Asian foods, snacks, and non-alcoholic beverages, and distributing branded goods to mainstream markets, grocery stores and wholesale / warehouse clubs in the US.

Reworded

There were $43,749 and $43,749Revenue from consulting services accounted for 3.16%6.42% and 7.01%100.00% of total revenues for the three months ended JanuaryJuly 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. Revenue from consulting services remainedincreased relativelyby consistent$28,750, or 69.70% from $41,250 for the three months ended JanuaryJuly 31, 2026 compared2025 to $70,000 for the three months ended January July 31, 2025.2026. We started our consulting services business in March 2024 through providing supply chain and brand management services proposals and solutions to customers to help them optimize their inventory management and product distribution strategy, to reduce delivery times, shipping costs and diversify distribution channels.

Reworded

Sales of recyclableRecyclable e-wasteMaterials materials(part of our E-Waste Business)

Reworded

There were $1,000,000Revenue from sales of recyclable e-waste materials accounted for 52.31% and nil of total revenues for the three months ended JanuaryJuly 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. Revenue from sales of recyclable materials increased by $570,445, from nil for the three months ended July 31, 2025 to $570,445 for the three months ended July 31, 2026. We started our recyclable service in January 2026 through focusing on coordination, sourcing, logistics management, documentation facilitation, vendor and partner engagement, and compliance support related to discarded electronic products.

Reworded

We incur our costs from (i) sale of food and beverage, and (ii) consulting services, and (iii) sale of recyclable e-waste materials.materials (part of our E-Waste Business). The following table presents our costs of revenues as percentage of its corresponding revenue for the periods presented.

Reworded

Cost of revenues from sale of food and beverage was $270,666$299,880 and $328,182nil for the three months ended JanuaryJuly 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. Our cost of revenues from sale of food and beverage primarily includes inventory costs, storage and freight costs.

Reworded

Cost of revenuerevenues from consulting serviceservices was $58,746 $13,300 and $50,900$52 for the three months ended JanuaryJuly 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively. Cost of revenues associated with our consulting services was immaterial and primarily consisted of labor costs.

Reworded

CostOur cost of revenue from sale of recyclable e-waste materials was $970,874$542,105 and nil for the three months ended JanuaryJuly 31, 2026.2026 and 2025, respectively. Our cost of revenues from sale of recyclable e-waste materials primarily consisted of purchasing recyclable materials.

Reworded

Comparison of the three months ended JanuaryJuly 31, 2026 and 2025

Added

Revenues from continuing operations

Reworded

Revenues for the three months ended January July 31, 2026 and 2025 were $1,383,941$1,090,445 and $623,709,$41,250, respectively, an increase of $760,232$1,049,195 or 121.89%.2,543.50%. The increase of revenuerevenues was primarily attributed to increased sale of recyclable e-waste materials by $1,000,000,$570,445, partially offset by decreasedincreased sale of food imports and distribution by $239,768.$450,000 and increased consulting services by $28,750.

Reworded

The following table presents our costs of revenues by products and services provided as a percentage of total cost of revenues for the periods presented.

Added

Cost of revenues for the three months ended July 31, 2026 and 2025 was $855,285 and $52, respectively, an increase of $855,233 or 1,644,678.85%. The increase in cost of revenues in the same period of 2026 was primarily attributed to increased cost from sale of recyclable e-waste materials by $542,105,increased cost in sale of food and beverage by $299,880, and increased cost in consulting service by $13,248, or 25,476.92%. Cost of revenues for sale of food and beverage as a percentage of total revenues was 27.50% and nil, respectively, for the three months ended July 31, 2026 and 2025. Cost of revenues for consulting services as a percentage of total revenues was 1.22% and 0.13%, respectively, for the three months ended July 31, 2026 and 2025. Cost of revenues for sale of recyclable e-waste materials as a percentage of total revenues was 49.71% and nil, respectively, for the three months ended July 31, 2026 and 2025.

Removed

Cost of revenues for the three months ended January 31, 2026, and 2025 was $1,300,286 and $379,081, respectively. The increase in cost of revenues was primarily attributable to higher costs associated with the Company’s new operating segment of recyclable e-waste materials, which commenced operations in January 2026.

Reworded

The gross profit for the three months ended JanuaryJuly 31, 2026 and 2025 was $83,655$235,160 and $244,628,$41,198, respectively, aan decreaseincrease of $160,973$193,962 or 65.80%.470.80%. The blended gross profit margin was 6.04%21.57% for the three months ended JanuaryJuly 31, 2026 compared with 39.22%99.87% for the same period in 2025.2025, the decreased blended gross profit margin was due to lower profit margin from our food and beverage sector and E-waste materials sector. Gross profit for sale of food and beverage decreasedincreased by 72.39% 100.00% for the three months ended JanuaryJuly 31, 2026 due to no sales to Costco.2026. Gross profit for consulting services decreasedincreased by 109.74%37.63% for the three months ended JanuaryJuly 31, 2026. Gross profit from the sale of recyclable e-waste materials increased by 100.0%100.00% for the three months ended JanuaryJuly 31, 2026, primarily driven by new business that commenced in January 2026.

Reworded

Our selling expenses were $14 for the three months ended January 31, 2026, as compared to $25,722nil for the three months ended JanuaryJuly 31, 2026, compared to $1,276,368 for the three months ended July 31, 2025, representing ana decrease of $25,708, $1,276,368, or 99.95%.100.00%. The decrease in the selling expenses was mainly due to (1) decreased payroll expenses of $25,000, or 100.00% due to decreased number of salespersons, and100.00%, (2) slightly decreased postage and shipping expenses of $708,$1,368, or 98.06%100.00%, asand compared(3) decrease in advertising and marketing expenses of $1,250,000, or 100.00%. The decrease was primarily due to the sameCompany’s periodreduced in 2025selling resultingand frommarketing decreasedactivities shippingduring coststhe incurredthree formonths sendingended productJuly samples31, for2026, exploringas newthe productsCompany forfocused customers.on other business priorities and did not incur significant expenses related to advertising, marketing, shipping, or sales personnel during the period. Selling expenses accounted for 0.001%nil and 4.12%3,094.23% of our total revenues for the three months ended JanuaryJuly 31, 2026 and 2025, respectively.

Showing the first 60 of 131 changed paragraphs. The complete comparison will be part of Pro (coming soon). Meanwhile you can read the full text in the original filing.

MWYN insider buying and selling (Form 4)

Since 2026-04-11, insiders reported open-market purchases in 0 Form 4 filings and open-market sales in 0 filings. Totals add up every open-market (code P and S) line in those filings, using the prices reported in the filings. Awards, option exercises, tax withholding and gifts are listed below but not counted.

No Form 4 stock transactions in this period.

Well-known investors holding MWYN (13F)

InvestorQuarterSharesReported value% of their 13FChange vs prior quarter
Citadel Advisors (Ken Griffin) COM2026-06-30152,878$162.1K0.0%Added 870%

13F reports are filed up to 45 days after quarter end and show long U.S. equity positions only; options positions are omitted here.

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