XRPN 10-K & 10-Q changes, risk factors and insider trading

This Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations should be read in conjunction with the Unaudited Condensed Financial Statements and the related Notes thereto for the period ended MarchJune 31,30, 2026 contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and the Audited Financial Statements of Armada Acquisition Corp. II as of September 30, 2025 included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on December 4, 2025, as well as in conjunction with the sections entitled “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included therein. Forward looking statements in this Form 10-Q are qualified by the cautionary statement included in this Form 10-Q under the sub-heading “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” in the introduction of this Form 10-Q.

Upon the closing of the Initial Public Offering and the Private Placement, $231,150,000 of the net proceeds of the Initial Public Offering and the sale of the Private Placement Units were placed in a trust account (“Trust Account”), located in the United States, with Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company acting as trustee, and invested in United States “government securities” within the meaning of Section 2(a)(16) of the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, or the Investment Company Act, having a maturity of 185 days or less or in money market funds meeting certain conditions under Rule 2a-7promulgated2a-7 promulgated under the Investment Company Act which invest only in direct U.S. government treasury obligations, as determined by the Company, until the earlier of: (i) the completion of a Business Combination and (ii) the distribution of the Trust Account.

For more information about the Business Combination Agreement and the proposed Transactions, see the section entitled “Business—Background and Business Combination Agreement.”

Concurrently with the execution of the Business Combination Agreement, we entered into a Sponsor Support Agreement with the New Sponsor and Pubco (as may be amended, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “Sponsor Support Agreement”), pursuant to which, among other things, the New Sponsor agreed (i) deliver and forfeit to the Company for cancellation and for no consideration (x) 120,000 Class A ordinary shares, (y) 2,364,000 Class B ordinary shares and (z) 60,000 private placement warrants (such forfeited amounts equaling approximately 30% of the Company’s Common Shares held by the New Sponsor), (ii) to vote its Class A Shares and Class B Shares (the “New Sponsor Shares”) in favor of the Business Combination Agreement and the Transactions and each of the proposal to approve the Business Combination Agreement, the proposal to authorize and approve the Pathfinder Merger, and the proposal to approve a plan of domestication, (iiiii) to vote its New Sponsor Shares against any alternative transactions, (iiiiv) to comply with the restrictions imposed by the Insider Letter (as defined above), by and among us, the Original Sponsor, and our officers and directors at the time of its initial public offering, pursuant to which the New Sponsor was later joined as a party by way of the Joinder (as defined above) to the Insider Letter, by and between us and the New Sponsor, including the restrictions on transfer and redemption of the Class A Shares and Class B Shares in connection with the Transactions, and (ivv) subject to and conditioned upon the Closing, to waive any anti-dilution rights that would otherwise result in the Class B Shares converting into Class A Shares on a greater than one-for-one basis.

Lock-Up Agreements

Concurrently with the Closing, us and each of the New Sponsor, Ripple and other Persons who will, immediately after the Closing, be holders of Pubco Stock or units of the Company Surviving Subsidiary and who, with Ripple, will collectively be deemed to form a “group” as defined in Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act (“Ripple Affiliate Investors”) will enter into a Lock-Up Agreement with Pubco (the “Lock-Up Agreements”), pursuant to which such parties agree that any shares of Pubco Stock, one warrant to purchase one share of Pubco Class A Common Stock issued to warrant holders of SPAC Delaware by Pubco (the “Pubco Warrants”), any shares of Pubco Stock issuable upon the exercise or settlement, as applicable, of Warrants, Pathfinder Units, and any other securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for Pubco Stock, in each case, held by such holder immediately after the Closing will be locked-up and subject to transfer restrictions, as described below, subject to certain exceptions.

Pursuant to the Lock-Up Agreements, the parties thereto agree, among other things, not to, without the prior written consent of Pubco, (i) sell, offer to sell, contract or agree to sell, hypothecate, pledge, grant any option to purchase or otherwise dispose of or agree to dispose of, directly or indirectly, or establish or increase a put equivalent position or liquidation with respect to or decrease a call equivalent position with respect to Restricted Securities (as defined in the Lock-Up Agreements), (ii) enter into any swap or other arrangement that transfers to another, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of any Restricted Securities, whether any such transaction is to be settled by delivery of such securities, in cash or otherwise, or (iii) publicly announce the intention to effect any transaction specified in clause (i) or (ii), until the earlier of six months following the date of the Closing and the date on which Pubco consummates a liquidation, merger, capital stock exchange, reorganization or other similar transaction that results in all Pubco shareholders having the right to exchange their shares of Pubco common stock for cash, securities or other property. The Lock-Up Agreements include customary exceptions to the transfer restrictions, including transfers to affiliates.

Together with Pubco and Pathfinder, we entered into advance funding subscription agreements in connection with the execution of the Business Combination Agreement (as amended, the “Advance Funding Subscription Agreements”) with certain institutional investors and individual accredited investors (“Advance Subscribers”) pursuant to which the Advance Subscribers agreed to purchase, and Pubco agreed to issue and sell, on the Closing Date, shares of Pubco Class A Common Stock for an aggregate of $214.05 million in cash and a contribution of 600,000 XRP tokens, in a private placement (the “PIPE”), upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in such agreements. Advance Subscribers will receive a number of shares of Pubco Class A Common Stock on the Closing Date equal to the quotient of (i) the Advance Subscriber Subscription Price and (ii) $10.00(the “Initial Subscribed Shares”), plus the Adjustment Shares (as defined below). “Advance Subscriber Subscription Price” means (a) if the Advance Subscriber elected to subscribe for shares of Pubco Class A Common Stock with cash, the amount of cash contributed as set forth on the signature page to its Advance Funding Subscription Agreement or (b) if the Advance Subscriber elected to subscribe for shares of Pubco Class A Common Stock with XRP, such amount (in USD) equal to the product of (x) the amount of XRP contributed as set forth on the signature page to its Advance Funding Subscription Agreement and (y) the XRP Token VWAP on October 19, 2025.

In connection with the execution of the Business Combination Agreement, and together with Pubco and Pathfinder, we entered into a Series C Subscription Agreement with the New Sponsor (the “Series C Subscription Agreement”) pursuant to which the Sponsor agreed to purchase, and Pubco agreed to issue and sell, on the Closing Date, shares of Pubco Class A Common Stock and Pubco Class C Common Stock (together, the “Series C Subscribed Shares”) for a contribution of 211,319,096.061435 XRP tokens, in a PIPE, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in such agreement. On August 12, 2026, Pubco, Pathfinder, the Company and the New Sponsor entered into Amendment No. 1 to the Series C Subscription Agreement in order to revise the pricing mechanics used to determine the number of Series C Subscribed Shares. Amendment No. 1 subjects the initial share calculation to a closing-date adjustment if the value of XRP denominated in USD as calculated using the “CME CF XRP-Dollar Reference Rate - New York Variant” benchmark (with the reference ticker XRPUSD_NY) by taking the arithmetic average of the quotes at 4:00 p.m. New York City time for each of the three days immediately preceding the Closing Date (the “Closing XRP Price”) is below the Signing XRP Price, while retaining the additional-share adjustment if the Closing XRP Price is above the Signing XRP Price.

The New Sponsor will receive an aggregate number of shares of Pubco Class A Common Stock and Pubco Class C Common Stock on the Closing Date equal to the quotient of (i) the New Sponsor Subscription Price and (ii) Initial Subscribed Shares, plus Series C Adjustment Shares. “New Sponsor Subscription Price” means (a) if the New Sponsor elected to subscribe for shares of Pubco Class A Common Stock and Pubco Class C Common Stock with cash, the amount of cash contributed as set forth on the signature page to the Series C Subscription Agreement or (b) if the New Sponsor elected to subscribe for such shares with XRP, such amount (in USD) equal to the product of (x) the amount of XRP contributed as set forth on the signature page to the Series C Subscription Agreement and (y) the Signing Date XRP Token VWAP. “Series C Adjustment Shares” means, if the Closing XRP Price is greater than the Signing XRP Price, such number of shares of Pubco Class A Common Stock or Pubco Class C Common Stock equal to the product of (i) the number of Series C Initial Subscribed Shares issuable to the Series C DQ Persons and (ii) the difference between (a) the quotient of the Closing XRP Price and the Signing XRP Price and (b) one. If the Closing XRP Price is less than or equal to the Signing XRP Price, no Series C Adjustment Shares will be issued.

We have neither engaged in any operations nor generated any revenues to date. Our only activities from October 3, 2024 (inception) through MarchJune 31,30, 2026 were organizational activities and those necessary to prepare for the Initial Public Offering. We do not expect to generate any operating revenues until after the completion of our initial Business Combination. Subsequent to the Initial Public Offering, we generate non-operating income in the form of interest income on marketable securities held in the trust account established for the benefit of our public shareholders (the “Trust Account”), with Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company acting as trustee. We incur expenses as a result of being a public company (for legal, financial reporting, accounting and auditing compliance), as well as for due diligence expenses in connection with searching for, and completing, our initial Business Combination.

For the three months ended MarchJune 31,30, 2026, we had a net income of $1,131,313,$1,625,327, which consisted of interest earned on cash and marketable securities held in Trust Account of $2,105,061,$2,129,189, offset by general and administrative costs of $973,748$503,862 which mainly consisted of regulatory filing fees, insurance expense as well as accounting and legal fees for the services performed in relation to review of business combinations agreements.

For the sixthree months ended MarchJune 31,30, 2026,2025, we had a net income of $527,553,$887,146, which consisted of $4,406,950 in interest earned on cash and marketable securities held in Trust Account,Account of $982,945, offset by general and administrative costs of $3,879,397 which mainly consisted of accounting and legal fees for the services performed in relation to review of business combinations agreements.$95,799.

For the period from October 3, 2024 (inception) through MarchJune 31,30, 2025, we had a net lossincome of $46,490,$840,656, which consisted of interest earned on marketable securities held in Trust Account of $982,945, offset by general and administrative costs.costs of $142,289.

For the sixnine months ended MarchJune 31,30, 2026, cash used in operating activities was $272,465.$306,602. Net income of $527,553$2,152,880 was affected by $4,406,950$6,536,139 in interest earned on cash and marketable securities held in the Trust Account. Changes in operating assets and liabilities provided $3,606,932$4,076,657 of cash for operating activities.

For the period from October 3, 2024 (inception) through MarchJune 31,30, 2025, cash used in operating activities was $25,601.$282,830. Net lossincome of $46,490$840,656 was affected by interest earned on cash and marketable securities held in the Trust Account of $982,945 and an adjustment to accrued offering costs of $5,000, offset by the payment of operating costs through the issuance of Class B ordinary shares of $25,000, payment of formation costs,and operating costs through advance from related party and promissory note – related party of $4,614, $508$4,614 and $870, respectively.respectively, and payment of operating costs through advances from related parties of $808. Changes in operating assets and liabilities provided $10,103$166,833 of cash for operating activities.

As of MarchJune 31,30, 2026, we had marketable securities held in the Trust Account of $239,035,116$241,164,305 (including approximately $4,406,950$6,536,139 of interest income) consisting of money market funds which invests in U.S. Treasury securities with a maturity of 185 days or less. We may withdraw interest from the Trust Account to pay taxes, if any. We intend to use substantially all of the funds held in the Trust Account, including any amounts representing interest earned on the Trust Account (less income taxes payable, if any), to complete our Business Combination. To the extent that our share capital or debt is used, in whole or in part, as consideration to complete our Business Combination, the remaining proceeds held in the Trust Account will be used as working capital to finance the operations of the target business or businesses, make other acquisitions and pursue our growth strategies.

As of MarchJune 31,30, 2026, we had cash of $88,640.$54,503. We intend to use the funds held outside the Trust Account primarily to identify and evaluate target businesses, perform business due diligence on prospective target businesses, travel to and from the offices, plants or similar locations of prospective target businesses or their representatives or owners, review corporate documents and material agreements of prospective target businesses, structure, negotiate and complete a Business Combination.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We have no obligations, assets or liabilities, which would be considered off-balance sheet arrangements as of MarchJune 31,30, 2026.

In connection with the execution of the Business Combination Agreement, Pubco, Pathfinder and the Company entered into advance funding subscription agreements (the “Advance Funding Subscription Agreements”) with certain institutional investors and individual accredited investors (“Advance Subscribers”) pursuant to which the Advance Subscribers agreed to purchase, and Pubco agreed to issue and sell, on the Closing Date, shares of Pubco Class A Common Stock for an aggregate of $214.05 million in cash and a contribution of 600,000 XRP tokens, in a private placement (the “PIPE”), upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in such agreements. Advance Subscribers will receive a number of shares of Pubco Class A Common Stock on the Closing Date equal to the quotient of (i) the Advance Subscriber Subscription Price and (ii) $10.00 (the “Initial Subscribed Shares”), plus the Adjustment Shares (as defined below). “Advance Subscriber Subscription Price” means (a) if the Advance Subscriber elected to subscribe for shares of Pubco Class A Common Stock with cash, the amount of cash contributed as set forth on the signature page to its Advance Funding Subscription Agreement or (b) if the Advance Subscriber elected to subscribe for shares of Pubco Class A Common Stock with XRP, such amount (in USD) equal to the product of (x) the amount of XRP contributed as set forth on the signature page to its Advance Funding Subscription Agreement and (y) the XRP Token VWAP on October 19, 2025.

In connection with the execution of the Business Combination Agreement, Pubco, Pathfinder and the Company entered into a Series C Subscription Agreement with the New Sponsor (the “Series C Subscription Agreement”) pursuant to which the Sponsor agreed to purchase, and Pubco agreed to issue and sell, on the Closing Date, shares of Pubco Class A Common Stock and Pubco Class C Common Stock (together, the “Series C Subscribed Shares”) for a contribution of 211,319,096.061435 XRP tokens, in a PIPE, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in such agreement. On August 12, 2026, Pubco, Pathfinder, the Company and the New Sponsor entered into Amendment No. 1 to the Series C Subscription Agreement in order to revise the pricing mechanics used to determine the number of Series C Subscribed Shares. Amendment No. 1 subjects the initial share calculation to a closing-date adjustment if the value of XRP denominated in USD as calculated using the “CME CF XRP-Dollar Reference Rate - New York Variant” benchmark (with the reference ticker XRPUSD_NY) by taking the arithmetic average of the quotes at 4:00 p.m. New York City time for each of the three days immediately preceding the Closing Date (the “Closing XRP Price”) is below the Signing XRP Price, while retaining the additional-share adjustment if the Closing XRP Price is above the Signing XRP Price.

The New Sponsor will receive an aggregate number of shares of Pubco Class A Common Stock and Pubco Class C Common Stock on the Closing Date equal to the quotient of (i) the New Sponsor Subscription Price and (ii) Initial Subscribed Shares, plus Series C Adjustment Shares. “New Sponsor Subscription Price” means (a) if the New Sponsor elected to subscribe for shares of Pubco Class A Common Stock and Pubco Class C Common Stock with cash, the amount of cash contributed as set forth on the signature page to the Series C Subscription Agreement or (b) if the New Sponsor elected to subscribe for such shares with XRP, such amount (in USD) equal to the product of (x) the amount of XRP contributed as set forth on the signature page to the Series C Subscription Agreement and (y) the Signing Date XRP Token VWAP. “Series C Adjustment Shares” means, if the Closing XRP Price is greater than the Signing XRP Price, such number of shares of Pubco Class A Common Stock or Pubco Class C Common Stock equal to the product of (i) the number of Series C Initial Subscribed Shares issuable to the Series C DQ Persons and (ii) the difference between (a) the quotient of the Closing XRP Price and the Signing XRP Price and (b) one. If the Closing XRP Price is less than or equal to the Signing XRP Price, no Series C Adjustment Shares will be issued.

We granted the Underwriters a 45-day option to purchase up to 3,000,000 additional Units to cover any over-allotments, at the Initial Public Offering price less the underwriting discounts. On May 22, 2025, simultaneously with the closing of the Initial Public Offering, the Underwriters elected to fully exercise the over-allotment option to purchase the additional 3,000,000 Units at a price of $10.00 per Unit.

Additionally, the Underwriters are entitled to $0.40 per Unit sold in the offering, $9,200,000 in the aggregate, and is payable to the Underwriters based on the percentage of funds remaining in the Trust Account after redemptions of public shares, for deferred underwriting commissions to be placed in a Trust Account located in the United States and released to the underwriters only upon the completion of an initial Business Combination. On September 9, 2025, we entered into a letter agreement with our Underwriters that the Underwriters shall, severally and not jointly, on the terms and conditions set forth in the letter agreement, and contingent upon the occurrence of a specified event that relates to a digital asset treasury transaction, reimburse a portion of the our bona fide documented fees and expenses incurred in connection with our Initial Public Offering in an amount of $2,300,000 (the “Reimbursement Amount”), with such amount decreased by $0.10 for every ordinary share for which a public shareholder exercises its redemption rights in connection with or prior to the specified event. As of MarchJune 31,30, 2026 and September 30, 2025, no reimbursements have been recorded under this agreement.

We have entered into an agreement with an advisor, Northland, a cash transaction fee equal to a cash transaction fee equal to 1.0% of the consideration in the event that this advisor introduces the Company to the target with which we complete an initial Business Combination which is payable only upon and subject to the closing of the initial Business Combination. We have also agreed to pay Northland up to $20,000 in reimbursable out-of-pocket expenses. No amounts were incurred under this agreement from the period from our inception through MarchJune 31,30, 2026. We have entered into an agreement with an investor relations advisor, Bishop IR (“Bishop”) for the period from May 19, 2025 through May 18, 2026 with a monthly fee of $8,500, payable only upon and subject to the closing of the initial Business Combination. Bishop shall also be reimbursed for all reasonable expenses and disbursements incurred on our behalf provided they do not exceed $300 without our prior consent. The agreement with Bishop was terminated effective September 3, 2025 by our New Sponsor. Upon termination of the agreement the Company recognized expenses amounting to $38,387 and $37,564 which are included in deferred professional fees in our balance sheets as of MarchJune 31,30, 2026 and September 30, 2025, respectively.

The preparation of unaudited condensed financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires Management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed financial statements, and income and expenses during the periods reported. Making estimates requires Management to exercise significant judgement. It is at least reasonably possible that the estimate of the effect of a condition, situation or set of circumstances that existed at the date of the condensed financial statements, which Management considered in formulating its estimate, could change in the near term due to one or more future confirming events. Accordingly, actual results could materially differ from those estimates. As of MarchJune 31,30, 2026, we did not have any critical accounting estimates to be disclosed.